羟基锡酸锌的制备及其对PVC电缆材料的阻燃消烟作用  

Synthesis of Zinc Hydroxystannate and Its Effect on Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of PVC Cable Materials

作　　者：杨玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学安全与环境工程学院,北京100070

出　　处：《中国塑料》2010年第6期76-81,共6页China Plastics

摘　　要：研究了在Sn4+和Zn2+共存的水溶液中,以氢氧化钠为沉淀剂合成的纳米羟基锡酸锌(ZHS)。X射线粉末衍射仪、傅里叶红外光谱仪和环境扫描电镜分析证明合成的ZHS是边长为380 nm左右的纳米立方体;采用"熔融共混法"制备了PVC电缆材料,通过极限氧指数、烟密度、环境扫描电镜炭渣形貌表征比较了ZHS与三氧化二锑(AO)对PVC的阻燃消烟作用;通过真空裂解气相色谱-质谱联用分析了阻燃PVC电缆材料的裂解产物;结合燃烧性能的测试结果,推断了ZHS对PVC电缆材料阻燃消烟的作用机理。结果表明,用量相同时,ZHS对PVC电缆材料的成炭作用总是优于AO。添加量小于10份时,AO对极限氧指数提高和烟密度降低的效果优于ZHS;但添加量大于15份后,增加ZHS的用量可以进一步提高氧指数和降低烟密度值。Zinc hydroxystannate （ZHS） were obtained by hydrolyzation of Tin （Ⅳ） reacting with zinc （Ⅱ） in aqueous alkali at the presence of solid sodium hydroxide. X-ray diffraction and environmental Scanning Electron Microscope （ESEM） images show that the product grows into cubic poly-crystals having a mean edge length of about 380 nm. Flame retardant and smoke suppressant effects of ZHS in PVC cable materials and relevant mechanism were investigated by means of Limited oxygen index, smoke density measurement, environmental scanning electron microscope analysis and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that ZHS had better flame retardance and smoke suppression effect than that of antimony trioxide in PVC When the content exceeds 15 phr.

关 键 词：聚氯乙烯 电缆材料 羟基锡酸锌 阻燃 消烟 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]