肥料用聚苯乙烯包覆膜的制备及其性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Polystyrene Film for Fertilizers′ Encapsulation

作　　者：宋学君[1,2] 张旭东[1] 石元亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]沈阳建筑大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110168

出　　处：《中国塑料》2010年第6期82-85,共4页China Plastics

基　　金：国家科技支撑重大项目(2007BRD89B02)

摘　　要：利用废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料为主要材料,对尿素进行包膜来制备缓释化肥。筛选乙酸乙酯或甲苯为溶剂,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯为增塑剂来降低聚苯乙烯的脆性,苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SBS)树脂为增强剂来提高聚苯乙烯膜的附着力。结果表明,包膜液的浓度为12%,增塑剂的用量为3%,增强剂用量为1%,包膜肥料的包膜量为10%。用氮素水中溶出率法和土壤淋溶法研究包膜尿素缓释效果,肥料初期溶出率均低于40%,在土壤中累计溶出率比普通尿素有大幅降低。说明聚苯乙烯经过改性后对尿素包膜,制得缓释肥的缓释性能良好。Waste foamed polystyrene was used as the main materials to produce coated fertilizer of urea. Ethyl acetate or toluene was the solvent. Dibutyl phthalate was selected as plasticizer to reduce the brittleness of polystyrene. SBS resin was used as enhancer to improve the adhesion of polystyrene film. The concentration of coating solution was 12 %, containing 3 % plasticizer and 1 % enhancer. The amount of coated materials was 10 %. Dissolution rate of nitrogen in the water and soil was determined. The initial dissolution rate of slow-release fertilizers in water was lower than 40 % and the cumulative dissolution rate in soil was significantly lower than that of no-coated urea.

关 键 词：聚苯乙烯 包膜肥料 增塑剂 增强剂 缓释性能 

分 类 号：S143.15[农业科学—肥料学] TQ325.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]