中国西南山地喀斯特与非喀斯特森林的生物量与生产力比较  

Comparisons of Biomass and Net Primary Productivity of Karst and Non-karst Forests in Mountainous Areas,Southwestern China

作　　者：于维莲 董丹[2,3] 倪健[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业调查规划院,贵阳550003 [2]中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室,北京100093 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《亚热带资源与环境学报》2010年第2期25-30,共6页Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2006CB403207)

摘　　要：利用1989—1993年中国西南5省区(广西、贵州、云南、四川包括重庆、湖南)森林清查资料,估算和分析了1968个样点森林的生物量和净第一性生产力特征与空间分布格局,重点比较喀斯特森林与非喀斯特森林生物量与生产力的差异.结果表明:中国西南地区森林平均总生物量为148.66 t.hm-2,净第一性生产力达到9.64 t.hm-2.a-1;喀斯特森林的生物量(124.33 t.hm-2)小于非喀斯特森林(163.48 t.hm-2),而喀斯特森林的生产力(8.67t.hm-2.a-1)总体上也小于非喀斯特森林(9.56 t.hm-2.a-1),但在不同的省份中存在差异;作为西南山地的主要森林类型,亚热带和热带的针叶林与山地针叶林、亚热带常绿阔叶林和常绿落叶阔叶混交林中,喀斯特森林的平均生物量(122.95 t.hm-2)和生产力(8.77t.hm-2.a-1)也均低于非喀斯特森林(分别为152.88 t.hm-2和9.92 t.hm-2.a-1);天然林和人工林中的生物量和生产力同样表现出喀斯特森林低于非喀斯特森林的特征.这种差异说明喀斯特生境严酷,在相同的生物气候条件下,喀斯特土层的浅薄和地下水的渗漏胁迫限制了喀斯特森林的生长和生物量积累.Using the forest inventory data of five provinces and autonomous regions（Guangxi,Guizhou,Yunnan,Sichuan including Chongqing,and Hunan） in southwestern China from 1989 to 1993,forest biomass and net primary productivity（NPP） in 1968 plots were estimated and their spatial pattern was analyzed.The difference of karst forest with non-karst forest was further compared.Results showed that the averaged forest biomass in SW China was 148.66 t·hm^-2 and the NPP reached 9.64 t·hm^-2·a^-1 in the early 1990s.The karst forest biomass（124.33 t·hm^-2） was less than the non-karst forest（163.48 t·hm^-2）;NPP of karst forest（8.67 t·hm^-2·a^-1） was generally also less than that of non-karst（9.56 t·hm^-2·a^-1）,but there were differences in various provinces/autonomous regions.Among the key forest types in SW China,the subtropical and tropical coniferous forests and montane coniferous forests,subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest,and evergreen-deciduous broadleaved mixed forest,mean biomass（122.95 t·hm^-2） and NPP（8.77 t·hm^-2·a^-1） of karst forest were less than those of non-karst forest too（152.88 t·hm^-2 and 9.92 t·hm^-2·a^-1,respectively）.The biomass and NPP of natural and artificial forests expressed the same trend,i.e.karst forest had smaller biomass and NPP than non-karst forest.Such differences implied that habitat of the karst morphology is very harsh.Under similar bioclimatic conditions,the shallow soil of karst terrain and the stress of underground water leakage restricted the growth of karst forests and their biomass accumulation and increment.

关 键 词：喀斯特森林 森林清查资料 生物量 生产力 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]