铜离子对鳗池优势藻生长及种间竞争关系的影响  

Effects of Cu on the Growth and Competition of Dominant Algae in Eel Pond

作　　者：薛凌展[1] 黄种持[1] 林泽[1,2] 黄柳婷[1] 林学文[1] 吴妹英[1] 孙杰[3] 

机构地区：[1]福建省淡水水产研究所,福州350002 [2]福建师范大学生命科学学院,福州350108 [3]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350108

出　　处：《亚热带资源与环境学报》2010年第2期53-61,共9页Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(nyhyzx07-043-12);福建省科技厅公益项目"鳗池藻相人工定向控制技术研究与应用示范"

摘　　要：本研究以铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)、水华微囊藻(Microcystis flos-aquae)、小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)、四尾栅藻(Scendesmus quadricauda)4种鳗池常见优势藻为实验对象,研究不同铜浓度对4种藻生长、生理变化及种间竞争关系的影响.结果表明:铜绿微囊藻和水华微囊藻对铜比较敏感,40～640μg.L-1对微囊藻的抑制作用随铜浓度升高越来越显著,而该浓度范围的铜对于小球藻和四尾栅藻则具有不同程度的促进作用.在4种藻的竞争实验中,对照组中铜绿微囊藻和水华微囊藻占优势,40μg.L-1和640μg.L-1浓度中小球藻和四尾栅藻逐渐占优势,当浓度达到1 280μg.L-1时,4种藻均受抑制.SOD和MDA的检测结果显示,随着铜浓度的上升,4种藻的SOD酶活力先升后降,说明低浓度铜胁迫会导致抗氧化酶活性上升,活性氧清除能力加强,随着铜浓度的不断升高胁迫加剧,藻细胞内抗氧化酶系统的活性受到干扰,SOD活力开始下降,细胞膜过氧化作用增强,MDA含量逐渐升高.In this experiment, the effects of Cu on the growth, physiological change and competition of Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis flos-aquae, Chlorella vulgaris and Scendesmus quadricauda of the dominant algae in eel pond were studied. The results showed that compared to Chlorella vulgaris and Scendesmus quadricauda the Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystis flos-aquae were more sensitive to the change of Cu concentration. There was obvious inhibitory action for Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystis flos-aquae when Cu concentration was in the range of 40 -640 μg·L^-1, but the concentration would produce positive effect on the growth of Chlorella vulgaris and Scendesmus quadricauda. In competition experiments, the density of Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystis flos-aquae were both dominated in 0 μg·L^-1compared with the other two green microalgae. And the Chlorella vulgaris and Scendesmus quadricauda were dominated gradually in 40μg·L^-1 and 640 μg·L^-1 compared with Mi- crocystis aeruginosa and Microcystis flos-aquae. There was obvious inhibitory action for all microalgae when the concentration of Cu reached 1 280 μg·L^-1. The data of SOD activity and MDA contents showed that SOD activities were stimulated first and inhibited later with the increase of Cu concentration.This demonstrated that the activities of anti-oxidation enzymes increased gradually by low Cu concentration, following by stronger antioxidance capacity. With further increasing of Cu stress, the activities of active oxygen-scavenging enzymes were interrupted in cells of microalgae, and the activity of SOD began decreasing gradually, causing serious membrane damage and the increase of MDA contents.

关 键 词：铜离子 铜绿微囊藻 水华微囊藻 小球藻 四尾栅藻 种间竞争 

分 类 号：S961.2[农业科学—水产养殖]