湖北省两个生态区水稻施钾效果及农田钾素平衡研究  

Study on Effects of Potassium (K) Fertilizer on Rice and K Balance of Paddy Fields in Different Types of Ecoregions of Hubei Province

作　　者：王亚艺[1] 鲁剑巍[1] 肖荣英[1] 李小坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《土壤》2010年第3期473-478,共6页Soils

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重点项目(2008BADA4B08);国际钾肥研究所(IP)国际合作项目;国家自然科学基金项目(40571090)资助

摘　　要：在湖北省江汉平原和鄂东南丘陵两个典型的生态区布置田间试验,研究K肥施用对水稻产量、经济效益及K素平衡的影响。结果表明,江汉平原生态区水稻产量有随施K量增加而逐渐升高的趋势,与不施K肥处理相比,施K(K2O)187.5kg/hm2时增产量最高为3007kg/hm2,纯增经济效益4136元/hm2;鄂东南丘陵生态区施K效果显著,但各施K水平的差异不大,施K150kg/hm2时水稻的增产量及纯增经济效益最高,分别为1495kg/hm2和1852元/hm2。江汉平原生态区各施K处理的K肥平均表观利用率为74.6%,低于鄂东南丘陵生态区的98.7%。研究结果还显示,两个生态区的农田K素在种植水稻后均呈负平衡,K肥施用可以缓解土壤K素的亏缺。Two field experiments of rice were conducted to study the effects of potassium （K） fertilizer on rice yield, economic profit, K utilization rate and on the field K balance in hilly ecoregion of southeastern Hubei and Jianghan Plain ecoregion. The results showed that K fertilizer increased obviously rice yield and economic profits in the two ecoregions, rice yield in Jianghan Plain increased with the increase of K utilization rate and the highest increased yield was 3007 kg/hm^2 with net economic profit of 4 136 Yuan/ hm^2 under 187.5 kg/hm^2 application of K2O. Rice yield in southeastern Hubei increased significantly with K fertilization but no significant differences among different rates of K fertilization, 150 kg/hm^2 application of K2O obtained the highest increased rice yield （1495 kg/hm^2） with net economic profit （1852Yuan/hm^2）. The average K utilization rate in Jianghan Plain was 74.6%, which was lower than that （98.7%） in hilly ecoregion of southeastern Hubei. The result also found the negative K balances in the two ecoregions after rice growing, which could be relieved by K fertilizer application.

关 键 词：不同生态区 水稻 产量 钾肥效应 钾素平衡 

分 类 号：S143.3[农业科学—肥料学]