长大隧道内火灾烟雾运动和温度分布数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Smoke Movement and Temperature Distribution in a Tunnel Fire

作　　者：李婷婷[1,2] 唐娴[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,西安710054 [2]陕西交通职业技术学院公路工程系,西安710072

出　　处：《武汉理工大学学报》2010年第12期66-69,87,共5页Journal of Wuhan University of Technology

基　　金：陕西省交通科技项目(08-21k)

摘　　要：基于秦岭终南山特长公路隧道,建立了长大隧道的三维简化模型,综合考虑起火位置、通风速度和风向、及燃烧强度等影响,利用数值模拟方法对长大隧道内火灾燃烧特性和气体散布规律进行了研究,并对应不同火灾情况对通风措施和横向通道疏散方法进行了优化。数值模拟结果表明:火灾中隧道内最高温度出现在烟雾聚集区域,而且高温区随着烟雾的扩散而增大;通风对烟雾的运动和高温区分布具有重要影响,可以降低隧道内的温度,同时遏制烟气向上游通道扩散,但烟雾对下游影响范围增加;在不通风的情况下,该通道模型的上游区域比下游区域更易受到火灾的影响。Fire accident broken in the long highway tunnels always leaded to heartbreaking tragedy.It was essential to understand the characteristics of the burning process and smoke movement in the tunnel,which were critical for the optimization of the design of the ventilation system and the arrangement of cross evacuation tunnels.A three-dimensional simplified model of long highway tunnel was built up based on the Qinling Zhongnanshan King-size Highway Tunnel.Numerical studies on the characteristics of the burning process and smoke movement were performed using CFD software.The effects of positions of the fire,the blowing velocity and direction,and the burning intensity were considered.These factors were important for the optimization of the ventilation system and evacuation tunnels.Computational results showed that high temperature appeared with concentrated smoke and spread with it.Ventilation had important influence on the movement of the smoke which would prevent reverse flow and force the smoke move to downstream area.The upstream region was easier to be damaged than downstream area in the present model once no ventilation was provided.

关 键 词：隧道火灾 通风系统 横向通道 烟雾流动 回流 通风优化 

分 类 号：F403.3[经济管理—产业经济]