改良盐碱土和种植技术对土壤性质和树木成活率的影响  

Influence of improved soil of alkaline-saline and planting techniques on soil properties and survival rate of trees

作　　者：陈卫民[1] 黄菊莹[1] 孙兆军[1] 李明[1] 刘学东 段海玲 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学新技术应用研究中心,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏银川市西夏区镇北堡镇,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏银川市园林局,宁夏银川750011

出　　处：《草业科学》2010年第6期45-49,共5页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2007BAQ00021);国家林业局"948"项目(2007-4-16);国家林业行业专项(200804012)

摘　　要：该试验在利用燃煤脱硫废弃物和改良剂改良土壤回填土的同时改良种植技术,即对树坑底部采取四种不同的垫层(无处理、稻草+黄沙垫层、黄沙垫层、石子+黄沙垫层),研究了改良的盐碱土和不同垫层对植树后坑内土壤的pH值和全盐含量和树木成活率的影响。试验结果表明:1)3个处理区不同深度土层的平均pH值较试验前下降了9.01%～12.10%(P<0.01);对照区不同深度土层的平均pH值均有增加。试验区内稻草+黄沙垫层pH值降低效果最好(P<0.05)。2)3个处理区不同深度土层的平均全盐含量较试验前下降了1.62%～67.59%(P<0.01);对照区不同深度土层的平均全盐含量增加22.37%～58.21%。3个处理区稻草+黄沙垫层全盐含量降低效果最好(P<0.05)。在树木种植后的45d、75d和165d分别测定了成活率,试验组间差异不显著(P>0.05);3个处理与对照比较差异极显著(P<0.01):国槐的成活率处理组比对照提高了28.7%～31.1%;白腊的成活率处理组比对照提高了88.3%～112.6%;云杉的成活率处理组比对照提高了46.0%～48.0%;西府海棠的成活率处理组比对照提高了26.5%～33.6%。Soil was improved by flue gas desulphurization from coal-fired power plant and krilium before soil was filled into tree well,meanwhile,three different cushion rubbers were placed at the bottom of three well（haulm ＋ sand,sand,cobblestone ＋ sand）.Soil pH,soil total salt content and tree survival rate were measured in this study.The results of this study showed that the average pH of different soil depths in the treatment plots decreased by 9.01%~12.10%（P0.01）,whereas that in the control plots increased generally,and soil pH of haulm ＋ sand treatment was significantly lower than those of other treatments（P0.05）.The average soil salt content of different soil depths in the treatment plots significantly decreased by 1.62%~67.59%（P0.01）,whereas those in the control plots increased by 22.37%~58.21%,and soil salt content of haulm ＋ sand treatment was lower than those of other treatments（P0.05）.The survival rate of trees was no significant difference between three cushion rubbers at 45 d,75 d,165 d,respectively,whereas significant difference was observed between the treatment plots and the control plots（P0.01）.The survival rate of Sophora japonica,Fraxinus chinensis,Picea crassifolia and Malus micromalus in the treatment plots increased by 28.7%~31.1%,88.3%~112.6%,46.0%~48.0% and 26.5%~33.6%,respectively when compared with the control plots.

关 键 词：改良盐碱土 垫层 土壤性质 成活率 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]