跨断层形变观测显示的断裂活动特征分析研究  

Analysis of characteristics of the fracture activities shown by observations of cross-fault deformation

作　　者：李杰[1] 刘文义[2] 楼关寿[3] 唐廷梅[1] 冯志军[1] 荆强[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省地震局,济南市文化东路20号250014 [2]中国地震局第二地形变监测中心,西安710054 [3]中国地震局第一地形变监测中心,天津300180

出　　处：《中国地震》2010年第1期46-59,共14页Earthquake Research in China

基　　金：国家质量监督检验检疫总局行业专项(2007GYB092)研究成果之一

摘　　要：系统分析了全国不同地区和断裂带的活动特征及其与地质构造和强震的关系,着重从逆断层、正断层和基岩标、土层标两方面讨论了断层活动速率。研究结果表明:断层形变活动速率的大小和方向与形变场地所处的地质构造位置有关;断层现今垂直和水平运动既具继承性也具有一定的新生性,既具阶段性又具有时空差异性;断裂活动与地震活动在时空上具有一致性;断层活动水平形变量大于垂直形变量;正断层的活动水平较逆断层高,它们对监测地震孕育过程引起的断层活动都是有效的,没有本质上的区别;土层标石场地的垂直和水平形变平均活动速率均比基岩标石场地的高,但两者均可监测到地震前兆异常。The paper systematically analyzes the activity features of different regions and fault zones all around China and the relationship between geological structures and macroseisms,focusing on the faulting velocity in two aspects：reverse fault vs.normal fault and bedrock bench mark vs.soil layers mark.The results show that the magnitude and direction of fault deformation rate is related to the location of the geological structure of the site where the deformation occurred.The vertical and horizontal movements of the faults have both the inheritance and newly-born characteristics,i.e.they are both of stages and spatiotemporal differences.Faulting and seismic activity have consistency in temporal and spatial scale.The amount of horizontal fault deformation is larger than that of vertical one.The activity level of normal fault is higher than that of reverse fault,and they are both effective for the monitoring of faulting in the preparation of earthquake.The average activity rate of vertical and horizontal deformations of soil layers mark stone site is higher than that of the bedrock bench mark,but both of them can monitor the earthquake precursory anomaly.

关 键 词：跨断层测量 形变 逆断层 正断层 基岩标 土层标 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]