不同干扰背景下森林地表植被分布的多元分析  

Multivariate studies on distribution of forest ground vegetation under different disturbance regimes in Dongguan,Guangdong,China

作　　者：王华南[1,2] 解丹丹[2] 苏志尧[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省生态公益林管理中心,广东广州510173 [2]华南农业大学林学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2010年第6期97-103,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：广东省"森林生态科技研究和推广"专项

摘　　要：在4个不同干扰条件下的林分分别设置1 hm2样地(100 m×100 m)进行野外取样,对东莞市不同干扰背景下森林地表植被组成及其影响因子进行研究。结果表明,除趋势对应分析(DCA)可以明显地把4大类型分开,而典范对应分析(CCA)显示总光照立地因子、林冠开度、土壤pH值和土壤电导率对该地区地表植物群落及物种分布有着重要影响,在总光照立地因子较高、林冠开度较大、土壤pH值较高以及土壤电导率较低的地段,地表植物的多度也相对较高。土壤有机质对该地区地表植被的分布格局也有着重要影响。MRPP分析表明,地表植被物种组成与林分类型、林冠开度(OCO)、直射光立地因子(FDSF)、散射光立地因子(FISF)、叶面积指数(ILAI)、总光照立地因子(FTSF)、土壤pH值、土壤电导率(REC)、土壤有机质(mSOM)、土壤速效氮(mAvN)以及土壤速效钾(mAVK)等环境因子密切相关(p<0.05)。指示种分析(ISA)表明,叶面积指数、林冠开度、林下光照因子的潜在指示种共有6种,2种为蕨类植物,1种为非禾本科草本植物,1种为禾本科草本,1种为草质藤本植物,1种为灌木。土壤因子共有15种潜在指示种,4种为蕨类植物,2种为非禾本科草本植物,1种为禾本科草本,4种为木质藤本植物,1种为草质藤本,2种为灌木。本研究探讨了影响地表植被组成和分布的多种因素及地表植被对这些环境因子的响应,找出了作为特定环境指示信号的指示植物,并提出了森林经营管理、生物多样性保育、退化生境恢复重建的对策。Four one-hm2 sample plots were set up under different disturbance regimes in Dongguan to study the relationships between forest ground vegetation and environmental factors.The results of De-trended Correspondence Analysis（DCA） revealed the 4 obvious groups in an ordination space.Canonical Correspondence Analysis（CCA） showed that total site factor,canopy openness,soil pH value and soil electrical conductivity had significant effects on ground vegetation composition and distribution.Ground vegetation was more abundant where there were higher total site factors,larger canopy openness,higher soil pH value and lower electricity conductivity.Soil organic matter also had significant effect on the distribution of ground vegetation.Multi-response permutation procedures（MRPP）revealed that the distribution and abundance of ground vegetation of 4 plots were significantly influenced by stand type,canopy openness,direct site factor,indirect site factor,leaf area index,total site factor, soil pH value,electrical conduction,soil organic matter,available nitrogen,and available potassium（p0.05）.Indicator species analysis（ISA） detected 6 species for leaf area index,canopy openness,under-story light condition,of which there were 2 ferns,1 forb,1 grass,1 vine and 1 shrub.15 species were found as potential indicators for soil factors,of which there were 4 ferns,2 forbs,1 grass,4 lianas,1 vine and 2 shrubs.This study explores environmental factors influencing ground vegetation patterns and their responses,searches for indicator species as environmental signals,and puts forward strategies for forest management,biodiversity conservation,and restoration of degraded habitats.

关 键 词：生态学 地表植被 环境因子 相关性 广东东莞 

分 类 号：Q141[生物学—生态学] S718.3[生物学—普通生物学]