职业性慢性铅中毒早期诊断指标的研究  

Study on Indexes of Early Diagnosis of Occupational Chronic Lead Poisoning

作　　者：肖雄斌[1] 赖燕[1] 李颖[1] 袁娟[1] 黄蕾[1] 张晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省劳动卫生职业病防治所,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2010年第7期1269-1271,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨驱铅试验和神经肌电图等指标在铅中毒诊断中的意义,为职业性慢性铅中毒早期诊断提供科学依据。方法对223例疑似职业性铅中毒病人,按照《职业性慢性铅中毒诊断标准》GBZ37-2002[1]进行诊断分级。结果 223例疑似职业性铅中毒病人经确诊有138例轻度铅中毒,85例中度铅中毒,驱铅试验+神经肌电图,诊断阳性率达100%,单纯血铅诊断阳性率80.3%(179/223)。结论血铅诊断职业性慢性铅中毒的诊断率明显低于诊断性驱铅试验+神经肌电图,为保护职业人群身体健康,建议尽快修订《标准》[1]。Objective To investigate the clinical value of lead expelling test, electroneuromyography, and other indicators in diagnosis of chronic lead poisoning, and to provide a scientific basis for the early diagnosis of occupational chronic lead poisoning. Methods A total of 223 patients with suspected occupational lead poisoning were diagnosed and graded according to Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Chronic Lead Poisoning （GBZ.37 - 2002） . Results Among 223 patients with suspected occupational lead poisoning, 138 patients had been diagnosed with mild lead poisoning and 85 patients with moderate lead poisoning. The positive diagnostic rate of lead expelling test with electroneuromyography reached 100 %. The positive diagnostic rate of simple blood lead test was 80.3 % （179/223）. Conclusions The diagnostic rate of occupational chronic lead poisoning confirmed by using the lead expelling test combined with electromyography is significantly higher than that of blood lead test only. We propose to revise Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Chronic Lead Poisoning （GBZ37 - 2002） as soon as possible for protecting the health of population with high- risk occupations.

关 键 词：铅中毒 驱铅试验 神经肌电图 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]