CO_2/H_2O混合绿色介质中的有机催化反应  

Catalytic Organic Reactions in CO_2/H_2O Medium

作　　者：武素香[1] 樊红雷[1] 程燕[1] 王前[1] 韩布兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院化学研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《化学进展》2010年第7期1286-1294,共9页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.20903103;20633080);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2006CB202504);中国科学院方向性项目(No.KJCX2.YW.H16)资助

摘　　要：绿色化学是化学发展的必然趋势。有效利用绿色溶剂是绿色化学的重要内容。CO2和H2O混合体系是具有很多特点的绿色反应介质,可以用于不同化学反应,特别是弱酸催化的反应,从而替代传统的有机酸和无机酸。本文讨论了CO2/H2O体系的酸性随温度和压力的变化,综述了在CO2/H2O混合绿色介质中有机化学反应研究进展,这些反应包括脱水反应、烷基化反应、香茅醛环化反应、重氮化反应、多元醇转化成环醚的反应、溴氧化反应、芳硝基化合物选择性还原、多糖水解反应、生物质转化反应、环氧丙烷水解反应、脱羧反应、醇氧化反应、对映选择氧化反应以及酮不对称还原;最后对CO2/H2O体系在化学反应中应用的发展趋势进行了探讨。Green chemistry is the trend of chemistry in the future. Utilization of green solvents effectively is one of the important topics in green chemistry. CO2/H2O system is green reaction medium with some unique features, and can be used in different chemical reactions. Especially, it can be used in the reactions catalyzed by weak acids, in which the use of conventional hazardous acids can be avoided. In this review, we first discuss the variation of the acidity of CO2/H2O system with temperature and pressure, then some chemical reactions in CO2/H2O system are discussed, including dehydration reaction, alkylation reaction, citronellal cyclization reaction, diazonium reaction, conversion of polyalcohol to cyclic ether, oxybromination reaction, selective reduction of nitroarenes, polysaccharide hydrolysis, conversion of biomass, hydrolysis of propylene oxide, decarboxylation reaction, oxidation of alcohols, enantioselective sulfoxidation, asymmetric reduction of ketones. Finally, the future directions for the applications of CO2/H2O system in chemical reactions are discussed briefly.

关 键 词：绿色化学 混合绿色介质 CO2 H2O 催化 有机反应 

分 类 号：O621.3[理学—有机化学] O643[理学—化学]