六盘山植被覆盖度的变化及其与气温降水蒸发量的关系  

Variation of Vegetation Coverage in Liupan Mountain and Its Relationship with Temperature,Precipitation and Evaporation

作　　者：李志军[1,2] 陈晓光[3] 李剑萍[3] 韩颖娟[3] 陈晓娟 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]宁夏气象局,宁夏银川750002 [3]宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,宁夏银川750002 [4]宁夏气象台,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第15期8077-8081,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部公益研究项目(2004DIB3J121)

摘　　要：使用1982～2005年的NDVI资料和气象观测资料,将NDVI资料换算成覆盖度,分析六盘山植被覆盖度的变化情况及其与温度、降水和蒸发量的关系。结果表明,六盘山的植被覆盖度一直处于波动状态,这种波动主要是由于气候原因引起的;植被覆盖度增加或减少的季节性的明显差异,与天然草原植被恢复和退耕还林草工程有关;降水对六盘山北部各季节的植被生长影响很大,对中部则只是在春季影响较大,在南部降水已不是影响植被生长的限制因素;气温的变化对六盘山北部植被生长影响很小,对中、南部春季和夏季植被的生长影响较大,其中春季为正相关,而夏季则为负相关;蒸发量对六盘山各区域覆盖度的影响较为一致,春、夏季蒸发量与夏季植被覆盖度呈负相关,而冬季蒸发量与冬季植被覆盖度呈显著的正相关。By using NDVI（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index）data and meteorological observation data during 1982-2005,the NDVI data were converted into fraction to analyze the evolution of vegetation coverage in Liupan Mountain and its relation with temperature,precipitation and evaporation.The results showed that the vegetation coverage in Liupan Mountain is fluctuant overall,which mainly caused by climatic facts.However,the distinct seasonal difference of vegetation coverage increase or decrease should be related to the recovery of natural grassland vegetation and projects as returning farmland to forest and grass and so on.Precipitation has great effect on the vegetation growth in the north part of Liupan Mountain in each season,has great effect on the vegetation fraction in the middle part of Liupan Mountain in spring,while it has light effect on the vegetation fraction in the south part of Liupan Mountain.Temperature has no significant effect on the vegetation growth in the north part of Liupan Mountain when it＇s in the normal range.High temperature in spring is favorable for the fast growth of spring vegetation in the middle and south parts of Liupan Mountain,but would effect the summer vegetation growth.Impact of evaporation on vegetation fraction is consistent in different parts of Liupan Mountain.There is a negative correlation between spring,summer evaporation and summer vegetation fraction,while there is a significant positive correlation between winter evaporation and winter vegetation fraction.

关 键 词：植被 覆盖度 气候 变化 

分 类 号：Q948.112[生物学—植物学]