施氮量对超级杂交稻干物质积累、分配及产量形成的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Amounts on Dry Matter Accumulation and Distribution,and Yield Composition of Super Hybrid Rice Varieties

作　　者：冯跃华[1] 范乐乐[1] 何腾兵[1] 刘应春 王尚有 罗洪发[1] 潘兴书[1] 田晋文[1] 潘剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省安顺市西秀区农业局,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2010年第6期39-43,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省重大科技专项计划项目"贵州省西片区粮食(水稻;玉米)高产科技示范工程"[黔科合重大专项(2009)6001]

摘　　要：以超级杂交稻金优527和Q优6号为材料,在不同施氮水平下研究超级杂交稻干物质积累、分配及产量形成的特性。结果表明,施氮量对超级杂交稻有效穗数、每穗总粒数和结实率的影响较大,对千粒重的影响较小。在全生育期施氮量为0~390 kg/hm2试验条件下,干物质积累量随着施氮量的增加而增加;拔节期、孕穗期、抽穗期茎鞘干物质的比例随着氮肥施用量的增加而减少,叶干物质的比例则逐渐增加;成熟期穗干物质比例随着施氮量的增加而逐渐降低。本试验条件下,施氮量与产量之间呈抛物线关系,超级杂交稻最佳施氮量和最高产量分别为254.2 kg/hm2和11 737.2Two super hybrid rice varieties of Jinyou 527 and Q you 6 were applied with different nitrogen application amounts to study effects of different nitrogen application amounts on their dry matter accumulation and distribution,and yield composition.The results showed that different nitrogen application amounts had significant effects on effective spikes,grains per spike and setting rate,and little effect on 1000-grain weight.The dry matter accumulation amount increases,the stem/sheath ratio of dry matter at jointing stage,booting stage and heading stage reduces,the leaf dry matter proportion increases and the spike dry matter proportion at maturity stage reduces with increment of nitrogen application amount under 0～390kg/hm2 nitrogen application amount respectively.There is a parabolic relation between nitrogen application amount and yield under the tested condition,and the optimum nitrogen application amount and highest rice yield of two super hybrid rice varieties are 254.2 kg/hm2 and 11737.2 kg/hm2 respectively.

关 键 词：施氮量 超级杂交稻 干物质积累 分配 产量 

分 类 号：S143.19[农业科学—肥料学]