芦笋木蠹蛾对芦笋根茎的选择及湿度对其蛹发育的影响  

Preference of Isoceras sibirica to storage root and stem of asparagus and effects of humidity on development of its pupae

作　　者：段国琪[1] 张战备[1] 张慧杰[1] 张一白[1] 王娇娟[1] 马利平[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西运城044000 [2]山西省农药重点实验室,太原030000

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2010年第2期152-157,共6页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(2006031033)

摘　　要：在室内条件下,观察和测定了芦笋木蠹蛾Isoceras sibirica(Alpheraky)幼虫对芦笋(Asparagus officinalis)青茎、白茎、贮藏根的选择性、转化率和利用率。采用Cain和Sheppard指数、Ivelev指数统计结果,该虫对芦笋根、茎的喜好性排序为青茎>白茎>贮藏根。而幼虫对芦笋根、茎的相对取食量、相对生长率、近似消化率、食物利用率和食物转化率的排序为白茎>青茎>贮藏根。在白笋和青笋的食料组合中,幼虫对白笋存在负转换行为(Si=-0.31),对青笋存在正转换行为(Si=0.28)。在白笋和贮藏根的食料组合中,该虫对白笋存在正转换行为(Si=0.03),而对贮藏根存在负转换行为(Si=-0.09)。在室温30℃空气相对湿度(RH)为100%、76%、50%、32%和0的处理中,均以0～1日龄蛹的净失水量最高,分别为0.43%、0.88%、1.11%、1.84%和5.81%。随着蛹龄的增高,其失水率缓慢增长。蛹羽化前,高湿(RH100%)和中湿(RH76%,RH50%,RH32%)处理中蛹的累计失水率依次为4.27%,12.4%,17.8%和19.9%,而低湿(RH0%)处理中蛹的失水率高达40.9%。在各RH下,蛹1日龄后的逐日累计失水率均与其日龄呈明显的线性关系。在RH32%～100%条件下,蛹的羽化率为83.4%～90.2%,在RH0%条件下,其羽化率仅有36.3%。在不同时段,蛹的表皮渗透力有两个高峰,分别出现在最初的2h和8h内,以2h内的表皮渗透力最高,达0.25μg/(cm2.h.mmHg)。8h后,随着测定时间的延长,蛹的表皮渗透力明显降低,24h时仅有0.14μg/(cm2.h.mmHg)。In the indoor condition, the preference of Isoceras sibirica larvae to green stem, white stem and storage roots of asparagus and the efficiency of food ultilization and conversion were observed and detected. The results showed that the green stems were the most favorite for the larvae to feed, followed by white stems and storage roots according to Cain and Sheppard index and Ivelev’s index statistical results, whereas the relative consumption rate, the relative growth rate,approximate digestibility rate and the efficiency of food ultilization and conversion of the larvae to roots and stems were decreased in the order： white stems﹥green stems﹥storage roots. In the diet combination of white stems and green stems, there was a negative switching （Si=-0.31） between the larvae and white stems, a positive switching （Si=0.28） with green stems. In the diet combination of white stems and storage roots, there was a positive switching （Si=0.03） between the larvae and the white stems, but a negative switching （Si=-0.09） with the storage roots. Under the room temperature of 30℃, the rate of net water lose for 0-1 day-pupa was the highest （0.43%,0.88%,1.11%,1.84% and 5.81%,respectively）at 4 relative humidity（RH）（100%, 76%, 50%, 32% and 0）. The water lose rate （WLR）of pupae increased with the increase of pupal age in day（s）. Before emergence, the accumulated WLR of pupae were as follows 4.27%, 12.4%, 17.8%, 19.9% and 40.9% respectively for high RH100%, meidum RH （RH76%, RH50%,RH32%） , and low RH （RH0%）. After the first day in the pupal stage, there existed an obvious linear relation between WLR of pupae accumulated by day and pupal age in day（s） at each RH above-mentioned. In the condition of RH32%-100%,the emergence rates（Er）of pupae were 83.4%-90.2%,but Er was 36.3% only in RH 0%. At different stages, there are two peaks for cuticular permeability of pupae, they happened within the first 2 h and 8 h. The greatest cuticular permeability of pupae tested in 2 h was 0.2

关 键 词：芦笋木蠹蛾 食料 选择性 湿度 表皮渗透力 发育 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]