寄主利它素和学习行为对赤眼蜂嗅觉反应的影响  

The effect of host kairomones and learning behavior on olfactory responses of Trichogramma

作　　者：欧海英[1,2] 田明义[1] 阮琳[3] 何余容[1] 谢梅琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院昆虫学系,广州510642 [2]广西出入境检验检疫局,南宁530028 [3]广州市园林科学研究所,广州510405

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2010年第2期243-249,共7页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30871677);广州市科技攻关项目(2003Z2E0141)

摘　　要：为弄清灰白蚕蛾Ocinara varians利它素以及探讨两种卵寄生蜂搜索寄主的过程中的学习记忆能力,本实验采用四臂嗅觉仪测定了松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi和短管赤眼蜂Trichogramma pretiosum对来源于灰白蚕蛾不同部位挥发性物质的嗅觉反应,结果表明,灰白蚕蛾交配未产卵雌蛾腹末鳞片、卵表及其卵液中存在吸引两种赤眼蜂的利它素,且腹末鳞片和卵表中的利它素溶于正己烷,而灰白蚕蛾处女蛾和交配已产卵雌蛾腹末鳞片中没发现吸引两种赤眼蜂的利它素。在学习行为方面,松毛虫赤眼蜂成蜂的学习能力较强,其羽化后学习经历可明显增强其对灰白蚕蛾卵表和卵液的挥发性物质的趋性,而幼期经历对其行为没影响;短管赤眼蜂的学习能力较弱,无论是羽化后的学习经历还是幼期的学习经历对其在卵表和卵液挥发性物质的搜索行为中均无影响。Olfactory response of Trichogramma dendrolimi and T. pretiosum to kairomones emitted from the female abdominal scales of adult and eggs of Ocinara varians were measured by using a four-arm olfactometer in laboratory. The results indicated that volatiles derived from eggs, hexane extract of egg surface and abdominal scales of mated-females before first oviposition stimulated an intensive searching behavior to T. dendrolimi and T. pretiosum, which prolonged the staying time of two Trichogramma species in the treated areas. However, volatiles from virgin female and mated-female after oviposition did not elicit the searching behavior of the parasitoids. With regard of learning behavior, T. dendrolimi adults expressed a stronger learning capacity. Oviposition experience in adult stage significantly enhanced their tropism to the volatiles of egg surface and eggs inclusion. While the learning experience in larval stage of T. dendrolimi had no effect on the behavior of their adults. Whether having learning experience in adult stage or in larval stage, the searching behavior of T. pretiosum showed no significant difference.

关 键 词：赤眼蜂 灰白蚕蛾 利它素 学习行为 嗅觉反应 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]