甲虫在燕辽地区中生代非海相生态系统中的作用  

The role of beetles in Mesozoic non-marine ecosystem in Yanliao District

作　　者：刘平娟[1] 常华丽[1] 任东[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学生命科学学院,北京100048

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2010年第2期264-274,共11页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40872022);北京自然科学基金项目(5082002);北京市教育委员会科技计划重点项目(KZ200910028005);北京市属高等学校人才强教深化计划高层次人才资助项目

摘　　要：昆虫是动物界分布最广、种类最多的一个类群,是无脊椎动物中唯一有翅的一个类群,也是陆生生物中最早具有飞翔能力的一个类群,具有扩散和迁飞的习性,是新领地的最早占领者、生态系统的开拓者,在生态系统中占据重要地位。甲虫由于身体强烈几丁质化,与其它昆虫相比,体壁相当坚硬,提高了对环境的抗逆性,分布相当广泛,成为昆虫纲最具多样性的一个类群,在生态系统中起着非常重要的作用。它们主要占据生态系统的第二营养级和第三营养级,处于食物链的中间,扮演了初级消费者和次级消费者的角色,连接着生产者和高级消费者,在维持食物链的连续以及保证物质循环、能量流动的顺利进行中起着不可替代的作用。一些腐食性或者碎食性甲虫扮演了分解者的角色。此外,一些访花类甲虫以及取食孢子或种子的甲虫对于植物的传粉以及促进植物与昆虫的协同进化具有重要意义。Insects are most widely distributed and most diverse in animality. They are the only winged invertebrates, the earliest terrestrial creatures which have flying ability, and dispersive and migratory habits. They are the earliest occupants of a new territory, the pioneers in the ecosystem, and play an important role in ecosystem. Beetles, due to the strong chitin of the elytra, have a hard covert compared with other order insects. These hard elytra improve beetles’ resistibility to adverse environment, making them distribute widely and become the most diverse taxa in insecta, so they play an important role in ecosystem. They mainly occupied the second and third ecosystem trophic levels, and in the middle of the food chain, served as the primary consumers and secondary consumers. They play an important part in connecting producers and senior consumers, maintaining the food chain continuous and ensuring the cycling of material as well as the smooth flow of energy. Some saprophagous beetles take part in the decomposition of organics, served as decomposers. In addition, some kinds of anthophilous-like beetles and beetles feeding on spores or seeds promote the co-evolution of plants and insects.

关 键 词：甲虫 作用 燕辽地区 中生代 九龙山组 义县组 生态系统 

分 类 号：Q961[生物学—昆虫学]