莱州湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼数量分布及其与环境因子相关关系研究  

DISTRIBUTING OF ICHTHYOPLANKTON AND THE CORRELATION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN LAIZHOU BAY

作　　者：宋秀凯[1] 刘爱英[1] 杨艳艳[1] 杨建敏[1] 任利华[1] 刘丽娟[1] 孙国华[1] 刘小静[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋水产研究所,烟台264006

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2010年第3期378-385,共8页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项重点项目;200805031号;908专项经费项目;SD908-02-09号

摘　　要：于2007年和2008年6月、8月,用大型浮游生物网对莱州湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼种类组成与数量分布进行了4个航次调查。结果表明,采集到11271粒鱼卵,隶属于4目、15科、22种(不包括2个未定名物种);仔稚鱼2942尾,隶属于4目、9科、12种(不包括2个未定名物种)。6月份是莱州湾大部分鱼类主要产卵期,鱼卵、仔稚鱼种类达25种,鱼卵优势种以斑(Clupanodon punctatus)和凤鲚(Coilia mystus)为主;仔稚鱼优势种以凤鲚、梭鱼(Mugil soiuy)和斑为主。8月份产卵的鱼类较少,仅采集到15种鱼卵、仔稚鱼,优势种均以凤鲚和鲈鱼(Lateolabrax japonicus)为主。鱼卵、仔稚鱼平面分布极不均匀,黄河、广利河和老弥河口附近海域数量较多,莱州湾中部海域数量较少。通过SPSS软件分析发现,鱼卵数量与仔稚鱼、表层铵盐含量呈显著正相关(r=0.438,0.604,P<0.01),与盐度、透明度呈负相关(r=-0.343,-0.329,P<0.05);仔稚鱼数量仅与鱼卵数量和表层铵盐含量呈显著正相关(r=0.438,0.536,P<0.01),与其它环境因子没有明显相关关系(P>0.05)。Composition and abundance of fish eggs and larvae were studied using 11271 eggs and 2942 larvae collected June 2007 to August 2008 in Laizhou Bay.The results showed that the eggs include 22 species from 15 families and four orders （including two unidentified species）,and the larvae cover 12 species in nine families and four orders （two unidentified species）.As June was an important spawning periods of most fishes in Laizhou Bay,25 taxa of fish eggs and larvae were collected during this periods,of which the dominant fish eggs were Clupanodon punctatus,Coilia mystus and that of fish larvae were C.mystus,Mugil soiuy,and C.punctatus.During June of 2007,the average number of fish eggs and fish larvae was 81.82ind/100m3 and 5.66ind/100m3,respectively;both decreased to 63.07% and 80.39% of that in 1982.The average number of fish eggs in 2008 was approximate to that in 2007,while the number of fish larvae was 5.18 times than that of 2007,increased by 10.95% from that of 1982.During August,only 15 taxa of fish eggs and larvae were collected,in which the preponderant fish eggs and larvae were still C.mystus and Lateolabrax japonicus.During August 2007,the average number of eggs was 2.89 ind/100m3 and that number of fish larvae was 0.94ind/100m3,accounted for 14.60% and 14.69%,respectively,of that in 1982.The average quantity of fish eggs increased by 85.47% and that number of fish larvae declined slightly during August,2008.The distribution of fish eggs and larvae in Laizhou Bay were very uneven,richer near the estuaries of Huanghe （Yellow） River,Guangli River and Laomi River,and poorer in the center of Laizhou Bay.Result of the Pearson Correlation between the amount of ichthyoplankton and same-time environmental factors shows that the fish eggs amount is positively correlated （r = 0.438,0.604,P0.01） with that of fish larvae,and the concentration of the surface of ammonium is negatively correlated （r =？0.343,？0.329,P0.05） with salinity and transparency.Meantime,only the amount of fish larvae is posi

关 键 词：莱州湾 鱼卵 仔稚鱼 分布 环境因子 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]