3种典型纳米材料致大鼠免疫毒性的作用  

EFFECT OF THREE TYPICAL NANOMATERIALS ON RAT IMMUNOTOXICITY

作　　者：刘焕亮[1] 杨丹凤[1] 张华山[1] 杨红莲[1] 张伟[1] 刘丽华[1] 林治卿[1] 闫峻[1] 林本成[1] 袭著革[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所,天津300050

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2010年第3期163-166,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展规划(863)项目(No.2006AA032330)

摘　　要：目的探讨纳米银(Nano-Ag)、纳米氧化锌(Nano-ZnO)、纳米二氧化钛(Nano-TiO2)对大鼠的免疫毒性效应及其机制。方法将42只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为小牛血清对照组,以及3种纳米材料的高剂量组(17.5 mg/kg)和低剂量组(3.5 mg/kg)。非暴露式气管滴注法隔日染毒5周,腹主动脉放血处死,检测脾、胸腺氧化损伤指标及外周血血清细胞因子含量的改变。结果脾匀浆中SOD活性:Nano-ZnOH、Nano-ZnOL和Nano-AgH组分别为6.78,6.84,6.85 U/mg prot,均显著低于对照组(7.49 U/mg prot)(P<0.05);GSH含量:Nano-ZnOH、Nano-ZnOL组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);MDA含量:6个染毒组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。胸腺匀浆中SOD活性:6个染毒组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);GSH含量:Nano-ZnOH、Nano-AgH组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);MDA含量:Nano-ZnOH、Nano-AgH、和Nano-AgL组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。血清中IL-1含量:Nano-ZnOH、Nano-TiO2H、Nano-AgH、Nano-AgL组(分别为21.884、20.274、28.885、22.221 pg/ml)均显著高于对照组(15.882 pg/ml)(P<0.05);IFN-γ含量:Nano-TiO2H、Nano-AgH、Nano-TiO2L组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);TNF-α含量:Nano-AgL组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而Nano-TiO2H、Nano-TiO2L、Nano-ZnOL组均显著降低(P<0.05)。3种纳米材料相同染毒剂量对比,其毒性作用强度有所不同。结论 3种纳米材料都可引起大鼠脾、胸腺的氧化损伤,刺激机体免疫系统产生免疫应答;其毒性大小可能受粒径、形状、化学组成、剂量等许多因素的影响。Objective To investigate the immunotoxicity induced by silver nanoparticles（Nano-Ag）,zinc oxide nanoparticles（Nano-ZnO）,and titanium dioxide nanoparticles（Nano-TiO2） and its mechanism in rats.Methods Forty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups,including control group,low（3.5 mg/kg） and high（17.5 mg/kg） dose groups of three nanomaterials.The rats were exposed to nanomaterials by intratracheal instillation once every other day for 5 weeks,and then killed by abdominal aorta bloodletting.MDA,SOD and GSH in spleen and thymus homogenate were detected.Some cytokines in peripheral blood serum were also detected.Results The activity of SOD in spleen in Nano-ZnO^L,Nano-ZnO^H and Nano-AgH group（6.84 U/mg prot,6.78 U/mg prot,and 6.85 U/mg prot respectively） was lower than that in the control（7.49 U/mg prot）,（P〈0.05）;the content of GSH in spleen in Nano-ZnO^H and Nano-ZnO^L group was decreased（P〈0.05） while MDA increased（P〈0.05）.The activity of SOD in thymus in 6 nanoparticle groups,and the level of GSH in Nano-ZnO^H and Nano-AgH group were decreased（P〈0.05） while the content of MDA in Nano-ZnO^H,Nano-AgH and Nano-AgL group was increased（P〈0.05）.The level of IL-1 in Nano-ZnO^H,Nano-TiO2^H,Nano-AgH,Nano-AgL group（21.884 pg/ml,20.274 pg/ml,28.885 pg/ml,22.221 pg/ml respectively） was higher than that in the control（15.882 pg/ml）（P〈0.05）.The level of TNF-α in Nano-AgL group was also higher（P〈0.05） while that in Nano-TiO2^H,Nano-TiO2L,and NanoZnO^L group was lower than that in the control（P〈0.05）.The level of IFN-γ in Nano-TiO2L,Nano-AgH,Nano-TiO2L group was lower than that in control group as well.The toxicity of 3 nanomaterials of the same dose was different from each other.Conclusion All three typical nanomaterials can cause oxidative damage to spleen and thymus of rats,and stimulate the body immune system to have immune response.The toxicity of nanomaterials may be related to particle size,shape,chemical composition and doses.

关 键 词：纳米银 纳米氧化锌 纳米二氧化钛 脾 胸腺 氧化损伤 细胞因子 

分 类 号：R392.32[医药卫生—免疫学]