山区河流河床结构的发育分布  

Growth distribution of the riverbed structures in mountain area

作　　者：刘怀湘[1,2] 王兆印[1] 于思洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系,北京100084 [2]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210029

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期857-860,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50779037)

摘　　要：开发了一种精确定量描述方法,用于描述山区河流的河床结构的发育分布及环境条件的影响。运用自行设计的床面形态测量排,测量了众多的河床结构。运用包含推移质在内的统一耗能模型,对测量统计结果进行分析,描述了河床运移。结果表明:在动力平衡条件下,河床结构强度值与单位宽度水流能量成正比。河床结构强度的沿程分布主要与水力条件相关。若河道中河床结构不足以消耗水流能量,则河流动力不平衡,多余的能量将侵蚀冲刷床面。Streambed（or riverbed） structures in mountain area were quantified to descript the growth distribution of such structures and the effect of environment conditions.A row of rods was made by the authors to measure riverbed structures.The statistic results from measurement were analyzed by a unified power consumption model to describe the bed load movement.The results show that the streambed structure density is directly related to the stream power per unit width absorbed by the structures when the rivers are in dynamic equilibrium,which means that the streambed structures distributions along river are related to the hydraulic conditions.The streambed will be eroded by the excess stream powering in a nonequilibrium process if the structures are not able to absorb all the power.

关 键 词：山区河流 河床结构 水流能量 动力平衡 侵蚀 推移质 

分 类 号：TV142.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]