呼伦贝尔草原植物群落空间格局及其环境解释  

The spatial pattern and environmental interpretation of the plant community of Hulunber grassland

作　　者：陈宝瑞[1,2] 李海山 朱玉霞[3] 李刚[1,2] 辛晓平[1,2] 张宏斌[1,2] 周磊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]呼伦贝尔草原生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,北京100081 [2]农业部资源遥感与数字农业重点开放实验室,中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [3]南京大学国际地球系统科学研究所,南京210093 [4]呼伦贝尔市新巴尔虎右旗草原工作站,呼伦贝尔021300

出　　处：《生态学报》2010年第5期1265-1271,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家“863”计划资助项目(2006AA10Z241,2007AA10Z230);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAD16B05-2,2006BAC01A12)

摘　　要：草地不同植物群落的空间分布结构及群落内部的物种组成结构的研究,一直是草原植物群落生态学最核心的问题之一。在2006年野外实地采样的基础上,运用DCCA除趋势典范对应分析(detrended canonical correspondence analysis)对影响呼伦贝尔草原植物群落结构的地形和土壤环境因素进行了定量的分解。结果表明:纯土壤环境因子可以解释的物种多度变化为12.48%,纯地形因子可以解释的物种多度变化为8.34%,两者耦合的部分为4.76%,不可解释的部分为74.42%。地形因子通过影响水热组合的再分配,对群落结构起起较大作用。在诸多因子中,土壤总氮、有效钾、有效氮、有效磷、有机质以及坡形决定了群落小生境的变化,导致群落类型分布的梯度变化。Hulunber steppe with a plateau landscape is a component of the Mongolian Plateau of central Asia and located in the eastern part of Inner Mongolian.Its elevation is almost over 600 meters,and the ground-surface is undulated due to hilly distribution and precipitation decrease from the east to west following the climatic change from sub-humid to semi-arid.The region of ecological space expanded greatly as complex terrain small changes,and the relationship between vegetation and environment is complicated.Our study is focused on the effect of the terrain and the influence of soil-environment on the structure of Hulunber steppe communities.A DCCA was used to quantitatively analyze the relationship between soil and topographic factors,both of which influenced the changes of community structure based on field experiment in 2006 in Hulunber grassland.The results showed that the pure soil environmental factors can explain 12.48% of the species diversity change,and the pure topographic factors can explain 8.34% of the species diversity change.4.76% can be explained by the latter two factors and the unexplainable parts were 74.42%.Topographic factors played an important role to community structure by affecting the reallocation of the hydro-thermal combination.Among all the factors,total soil nitrogen,effective potassium and nitrogen,available phosphorus,organic matter and the slope shape decide the changes of the communities＇ niche,which lead to changes of the communities＇ types distribution gradient.

关 键 词：呼伦贝尔草原 群落结构 地形因子 土壤因子 DCCA 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]