珠江九沙围河涌生态环境特征研究  

Study on the ecological catachrestical features of the Zhujiang Jiushawei River,a branch of Pearl River

作　　者：孟晓杰[1,2] 舒俭民[2] 张妍[1] 杨艳[2] 高菊红[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2010年第3期118-122,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40701065)

摘　　要：珠江九沙围河涌河道内埋有二战时期日本遗弃在华化学武器,为了解水体及底泥污染状况,对河段水质、底泥、水生生物进行了采样监测,并采用水质单因子及生物多样性指数方法进行评价。结果表明,九沙围河涌及其附近珠江河段各监测断面水质均不能满足地表水Ⅳ类标准要求,以有机污染为主。底泥污染较为严重,超标最为严重的为镉、锌、铬和砷,水生生态调查结果表明,调查水体都在富营养水平以上,底泥中氰化物和砷超标,说明河涌底泥存在被日遗化武污染的可能。This paper reports the findings of an on-spot investigation done by its authors with the chemical weapons left over by the Japanese in JiuShawei River, a branch of the Pearl River system. The investigation was done over the pollution situation of its water quality, the content of hydrobiontes, and the sediment of the river. To make sure that if the water environment was polluted in November, 2005, nine sections were sampled to study the status of water quality and hydrobiontes, and the important indices were tested including hydrobiontes, heavy metals, total P, total N, organic matter and the special substances from the chemical weapons abandoned by the Japanese. Assessed with the methods of Single Factor Evaluation on Water Quality and Diversity Index, the results indicate that the water quality proves worse than the standard of grade IV with the organic pollution. Among the nine sampling spots of the river, the main polluted substances found include total P, sulfides, manganese, the total N, NH3 -N, Chloride sulfate, BOD5, DO, among which the total P proves worst, that is, 5.47 times of the standard value on the section at the spot of 2.2 km from where Jiushawei merges into the Pearl River. At the time, 6 of 18 sediment samples was gained from the JiuShawei River and the other spots, showing the existence of Cd, Zn, Cr and As in the sediment. In contrast measurement, it was found that the maximum mark rate of As and Cu are 91.67%, whereas that of Cd, Zn, and Cr are up to 100% . As is known, As and CN- are the key substances in making chemical weapons. So it can be concluded that the sediment of the river is possible to be contaminated by the chemical weapons left over by Japanese aggressors. And, finally, it can be said that the water quality of Zhujiang River is on the whole better than that in Jiushawei River.

关 键 词：生态学 日遗化武 水质 底泥 

分 类 号：X708[环境科学与工程—环境工程]