自动基流分割方法在黄土区流域的应用研究  

Applied Study of Baseflow Separation Methods in Watersheds of Loess Plateau

作　　者：豆林[1,2] 黄明斌[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2010年第3期107-111,133,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家973计划子专题"坡面土壤侵蚀发生发展过程的动力学机制"(2007CB407201);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-05-0858)

摘　　要：基流是河川径流在枯水季节的主要径流来源。由于难以通过实测方法获得基流量数据,选择适合的基流分割技术对于基流研究至关重要。利用黄土区6个流域的多年径流量资料,选取PART法、滤波法及滑动最小值法等目前广泛使用的自动基流分割方法对区域内河流的基流量进行了分割,以检验自动基流分割方法在本地区的适用性,并应用选定的基流分割方法对黄土区流域的基流特点做了简单分析。研究结果表明,3种方法所获得的基流指数值有所差异,滤波法分割的基流过程与实际基流状况更为相符。因此,滤波法可作为黄土区流域基流的最优分割方法。应用滤波法得到的研究流域基流占总径流比重为37%～64%,而基流量在近50a中呈现逐渐降低趋势。Baseflow is the main source of streamflow in the dry season of a year.Due to the difficulty in measurement,it is important to select an adaptive baseflow separation method for further baseflow research.In order to test the applicability of automated baseflow separation methods on the Loess Plateau,six watersheds located in the hilly and gully region were chosen to estimate several widely used techniques,which are PART,digital filter technique,and smoothed minima method.Comparison shows that the results of all three type methods have little difference.The discharge hydrograph demonstrates that the result of digital filter method is more consistent with the actual discharge condition.Since the true values of the baseflow index are unknown,it is difficult to find which method may give the best estimation.However,the digital filter method appears to be more plausible than other methods for this region and the results from the method are objective and authentic.For the study area,result from digital filter method shows that the baseflow index is 37%～64%,which means that baseflow accounts for a large proportion of the total runoff.However,the baseflow volume has been gradually reduced in the recent 48 years.

关 键 词：基流分割 PART法 滤波法 滑动最小值法 黄土区流域 

分 类 号：P343.1[天文地球—水文科学]