三头基双链季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂合成研究  

Synthesis of Bis-quaternary Ammonium Salts Gemini Surfactant with Three-head Groups

作　　者：戈仁刚 赵琳[2] 赖璐[3] 梅平[3] 

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司,广东湛江524057 [2]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266555 [3]长江大学化学与环境工程学院,湖北荆州434023

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自科版）（上旬）》2010年第2期17-20,共4页JOURNAL OF YANGTZE UNIVERSITY (NATURAL SCIENCE EDITION) SCI ＆ ENG

基　　金：中国石油科技创新基金资助项目(2008D-5006-02-01)

摘　　要：以二乙胺、环氧氯丙烷、十二烷基二甲基叔胺为原料,合成了一种新型的多烷基多季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂BDT。考察反应温度、反应时间、反应物摩尔比等因素对中间产物BDC和最终产物BDT产率的影响,确定了最佳合成条件;采用IR和元素分析对BDT进行结构表征,测定合成产物BDT的熔点;考察了合成产物BDT的表面活性。结果表明,产物BDT的熔点为110～114℃;BDT水溶液的临界胶束浓度为0.075mmol/L,比普通单链阳离子表面活性剂低2～3个数量级,表面张力最低可降至15.46mN/m,合成产物具有较低的临界胶束浓度和较好的表面活性。Diethylamine,epichlorohydrin and dodecyl dimethyl amine were taken as raw materials to synthesize BDT-novel multiple quaternary ammonium salts Gemini surfactant,and the optimal synthesis conditions were determined.The structure of synthetic product was characterized by the IR and elemental analysis.The surface activity of BDT was investigated.The results show that under the best synthesis condition,the yield of ultimate product was 60%.Melting point of BDT was 110~114℃.The critical micelle concentration of BDT solution was 0.075mmol·L-1,which was 2~3 magnitude orders lower than that of conventional cationic surfactants. The surface tension minimized to 15.46mN·m-1. This demonstrates that the products have a lower critical micelle concentration and the higher surface activity.

关 键 词：多季铵盐 GEMINI表面活性剂 合成 表面张力 

分 类 号：TQ423.12[化学工程] TQ455.4