水稻种植制度变化对褐飞虱暴发种群形成的影响  

Effect of the change of rice planting system on the formation of outbreak population of brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens(Stl)

作　　者：齐国君[1,2] 肖满开[3] 吴彩玲 江潮[5] 张孝羲[1] 翟保平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院昆虫学系农业部作物病虫害监测与防控重点开放实验室,南京210095 [2]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,广州510640 [3]安庆市植检植保站,安庆246003 [4]潜山县植物保护站,潜山246300 [5]怀宁县植物保护站,怀宁246100

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2010年第3期193-200,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2006CB102007);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAD08A01);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803003)

摘　　要：自20世纪90年代以来,江南稻区北部(涉及江苏、浙江、安徽、江西、湖南、湖北六省)不同程度地开展了双季改单季的水稻种植制度的调整,为了阐明水稻种植制度变化对褐飞虱暴发种群形成的影响,2007、2008年在怀宁县和潜山县采用田间调查与卵巢解剖等方法研究了单季中稻、双季晚稻中褐飞虱的种群动态及世代虫源性质。结果表明:安庆地区单季稻大面积种植后,6月中旬至7月下旬迁入的褐飞虱可以直接降落在单季中稻本田,并能连续繁殖,种群增殖倍数可高达数百倍,单季中稻褐飞虱的发生量高于双季晚稻;卵巢解剖确定了单季中稻及双季晚稻中褐飞虱各世代的虫源性质,单季中稻褐飞虱迁出盛期在8月下旬至9月中旬,可以为长江三角洲后期迁入提供虫源,也可以在本地作近距离的扩散迁移,加重对双季晚稻的危害。皖南地区单季稻种植面积的扩大,不但显著增加了本地单季中稻、双季晚稻中褐飞虱的种群数量和危害程度,而且也导致了近年来长江三角洲地区频繁出现褐飞虱的后期迁入。因此,水稻种植制度的变化对褐飞虱暴发种群的形成具有决定性的作用。Since the 1990s, the rice planting system has changed in different degrees with transferring two-season farming rice to one-season rice in north rice region of south of the Yangtze River （including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei provinces）. In order to illustrate the effect of the change of rice planting system on the formation of outbreak population of Nilaparvata lugens （ Stal ） （BPH） , the population dynamics and characteristics of the pest in the single-cropping middle-season rice fields and double-cropping late-season rice fields were studied in Huaining and Qianshan in 2007, 2008 and compared through systematic field survey and female ovarian dissection. The results showed that after planting single-cropping rice in large areas in Anqing, the immigrant population of BPH during middle June to late July could migrate into the paddy fields of single-cropping rice directly and reproduce continuously, which greatly enhanced the population proliferation times of BPH as high as several hundred times, and the population density of BPH in single-cropping middle-season rice fields was higher than that in double-cropping late-season rice fields. The population characteristics of BPH for each generation in sing/e-cropping middle-season rice fields and double-cropping/ate-season rice fields showed that the peak emigration exhibited from late August to middle September in single-cropping middle-season rice might act as one of the population source area, which would be either to emigrate in long distance to Yan- gtze River Delta or transfer in short distance to the double-cropping late-season rice locally. So the change of the double-cropping rice planting system to the single-cropping rice not only significantly increased the local population size, but also directly caused the mass occurrence of late immigration at Yangtze River Delta rice areas in recent years. Therefore, the change of rice planting system was beneficial for the formation of outbreak population of BPH.

关 键 词：褐飞虱 水稻种植制度 暴发种群 单季中稻 后期迁入 

分 类 号：S435.112.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]