中国北方五市儿童功能性便秘流行病学特征现况调查  

Epidemiologic survey on the prevalence and distribution of childhood functional constipation in the northern areas of China： a population-based study

作　　者：张树成[1] 王维林[1] 曲日斌[1] 苏朋俊[1] 张世伟 张浩然 谭士勇 陈晓娟 张威[5] 艾德斌[6] 吴海涛[7] 宫良才 王剑利[9] 何艳[10] 宛超[11] 董光辉[12] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属盛京医院儿外科,沈阳110004 [2]哈尔滨市儿童医院外科 [3]吉林市儿童医院外科 [4]天津市血液研究所 [5]天津市第一中心医院移植外科 [6]天津市统计局 [7]北京市丰台区卢沟桥医院儿科 [8]北京市食品药品监督管理局 [9]北京市朝阳医院妇产科 [10]中国协和医科大学协和医院急诊科 [11]北京市东城区疾病预防控制中心 [12]中国医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2010年第7期751-754,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（30700917）

摘　　要：目的 对中国北方城市儿童排便习惯进行调查,探讨儿童功能性便秘（FC）的患病率和流行病学特征.方法 应用分层、整群随机抽样方法对中国北方5市（北京、天津、沈阳、长春和哈尔滨）4～14岁常住儿童进行问卷调查和普查,根据普查结果按国际通用的儿童RomeⅢ标准（H3a）判断的FC检出率,再对筛出的部分儿童进行全面检查（包括结肠传输试验、钡灌肠造影、肌电图、消化道测压）以排除结肠器质性疾病,并分析儿童FC的地域、年龄和性别分布.结果 北方5市调查的19286名儿童中FC患病率为4.73%.北京地区儿童患病率（5.02%）明显高于其他地区（分别为4.82%、4.76%、4.27%和4.40%）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）;4～6岁为最常见的患病年龄段.分层研究表明不同地区相同年龄段儿童FC的患病率不同,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）,基本与总体分布接近,FC分布具有地域差异;相同地区不同年龄段儿童FC患病率不同,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）,基本与总体分布接近,FC分布具有年龄差异.结论 儿童FC是常见病多发病,好发于4～6岁儿童,患病率有地区差异.Objective Functional constipation （FC） is a common complaint in childhood but the prevalence still remains unclear, the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of FC in childhood in the northern parts of China. Methods A screening program on FC in childhood was carried out in 5 northern cities （Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, Changchun, Harbin） of China according to symptoms under the Rome Ⅲ criteria. Random clustered sampling of the inhabitants was carried out under stratification of cities, geographic zones, schools or nurseries.Sample size of each area was in proportion to the population of the area. The range of age was 4-14. All subjects under study were requested to fill in a questionnaire distributed by the teachers. The screening program was carried out immediately after a section survey was completed. All together, 20 000 questionnaires were distributed with 19 638 retrievals. According to the result of the screening, a small number of patients who met the criteria were further selected to undergo a detailed clinical examination in the hospital including laboratory examination, colonic transit time, defecography or/and barium enema, electromyologram and anorectal manometry to exclude organic disease of the colon. Simultaneously, a detailed questionnaire was requested to fill under the assistance of trained doctors or medical students.Prevalence of FC of the population was adjusted by the rate of correct diagnosis from the detailed study. Results The adjusted point prevalence of FC in 5 northern cities of China according to Rome Ⅲ criteria was 4.73% with higher prevalence rate of FC seen in the Beijing area （5.02%） than in other cities （4.82%, 4.76%, 4.27%, 4.40%, with P〈0.001 ）. Male to female ratio was 1.26：1 with majority of the FC fell in the 4-6 year olds （5.76%）. Conclusion FC appeared a common disorder in childhood in the northern parts of China which called for greater attention. Higher prevalence was noted in the age groups of 4-6.

关 键 词：功能性便秘 流行病学 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]