低纬高原不同利用方式土壤对烟草生长及光合生理的影响  

Effects of different land use pattern soils in low latitudinal plateau on tobacco growth and photosynthetic physiology

作　　者：强继业[1,2] 钟楚[3] 陈宗瑜[3] 王绍华[1] 李正风 简少芬[3] 颜侃[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农学院/南方作物生理生态重点开放实验室,南京210095 [2]云南农业大学烟草学院,昆明650201 [3]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明650201 [4]红塔集团技术中心,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第7期1319-1325,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局资助项目(110200801034)

摘　　要：以取自低纬高原云南玉溪烟区不同地域稻田(峨山,E)、麦田(北城1,B1;北城2,B2)、山坡旱地(新平,X)和菜地(通海四街,T1;通海桑园,T2)的6种不同利用方式土壤盆栽种植烟草品种K326,研究了在相同气候背景和水肥管理条件下,不同土壤对K326生长和光合生理的影响。结果表明:K326在山坡旱地土、稻田土和麦田土上生长较菜地土上好(北城1除外),且新平烟叶净光合速率(Pn)较高,新平和峨山烟叶气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)较大,而气孔限制值(Ls)、水分利用效率(WUE)和内在水分利用效率(IWUE)较小。分析表明,麦田和菜地土壤上生长的K326其Pn主要受气孔因素的影响,而稻田土壤上K326的Pn主要受羧化能力低、光合色素和可溶性蛋白含量低等非气孔因素的影响。峨山和新平K326的气孔调节能力较差,其较高的土壤含水量使Gs增大,Tr上升,从而导致WUE下降。各土壤处理烟叶的鲜重含水量和自然水分饱和亏没有显著差异,菜地土烟叶单位面积含水量显著低于稻田土,与其比叶重(SLM)有一定联系。结果说明了土壤对烟草的影响较为复杂,既与土壤本身的特性有关,又与不同土壤条件下植物本身的生理特性有关。Six soils with different land use patterns,i.e.,rice field （Eshan,E）,corn fields （Beicheng 1,B1;Beicheng 2,B2）,mountain slope dry land （Xinping,X）,and vegetable fields （Tonghai Sijie,T1;Tonghai Sangyuan,T2）,in low latitudinal plateau Yuxi tobacco-growing area were sampled and cultivated with tobacco variety K326 in pots,aimed to study the effects of the soils on the K326 growth and photosynthetic physiology under the same climatic condition and same managements.The tobacco plants grew better on the soils of mountain slope dry land,rice field,and corn fields than on the soils of vegetable fields （except B1）.The net photosynthetic rate （Pn） was higher on the soil of Xinping （X） than on the others;and the stomatal conductance （Gs）,intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci）,and transpiration rate （Tr） were higher but the stomatal limitation value （Ls）,water use efficiency （WUE）,and intrinsic water use efficiency （IWUE） were lower on the soils of Xinping （X） and Eshan （E）.The Pn of K326 growing on the soils of corn fields and vegetable fields was mainly affected by stomatal factors,while the Pn of K326 grown on the soil of rice field was mainly affected by non-stomatal factors,such as lower carboxylation capability,photosynthetic pigments,and soluble protein content.The K326 grown on the soils of Eshan and Xinping had poor stomatal regulation capability.The higher soil water content in the soils of Eshan and Xinping caused the increase of Gs and Tr and the decrease of WUE.No significant differences were observed in the leaf fresh weight water content and natural water saturation deficit among the tobacco plants grown on the test soils,but the water content of per unit leaf area was significantly lower for the plants grown on the soils of vegetable fields,compared with that on the soil of rice field,which could be related to the specific leaf mass （SLM） to some extent.The results indicated that the effects of different land use pattern soils on tobacco growth an

关 键 词：低纬高原 土壤 烟草 生长 光合生理 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]