室温条件下保存于矿物油中的植物病原真菌存活力  

Viability of Plant Pathogenic Fungi Maintained in Mineral Oil at Room Temperature

作　　者：胡东芳[1] 张吉光[1] 杨继娟[1] 胡小平[1] 陈艳[2] 杨家荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植保学院陕西省农业分子生物学重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院微生物研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2010年第6期170-175,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：高等学校学科创新引智计划(B07049);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-07-0698)资助

摘　　要：检测了20世纪50、60、70和80年代室温保存于矿物油中的261株植物病原真菌的存活情况,各年代段菌株存活率分别为56.9%、64.5%、72.2%和85.3%。其中1株棉花枯萎病菌的存活期达57 a,1株禾谷镰刀菌存活期达56 a,1株意大利青霉存活期达54 a,1株苹果腐烂病菌存活期达53 a,1株牡丹枝孢霉和4株棉花黄萎病菌的存活期达52 a,是迄今为止使用该方法保存最长期限的报道。同时,测定了22株保存于各年代段的棉花黄萎病菌的产孢量、菌落直径和致病性。结果表明,矿物油室温保存菌株的菌落直径、产孢量与保存年限间无相关性;77.3%的菌株丧失了致病性,其中两株保存期限超过50 a的菌株仍保持较高的致病性。The 261 strains of plant pathogenic fungi,preserved in mineral oil at room temperature from 1950＇sto 1980＇s,were tested for their viability. The viability of these fungi preserved in 1950＇s, 1960＇s,1970＇s and 1980＇s was 56.9% ,64.5%,72.2% and 85.3%,respectively. Among all these viable fungi,new records about the longest preservation time were listed as following：57 years for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum （Atk.） Snyder et Hansen,54 years for Penicillium italicum Wehmer,53 years for Valsa mali Miyabe et Yamada,52 years for Cladosporium paeoniae Pass. ,52 years for Verticillium dahliae Kleb. At the same time, the sporulation, colony diameter,and pathogenicity to cotton of 22 strains of Verticilium dahliae preserved at different period were checked. Results indicated that there was no correlation between the preservation period and sporulation or colony diameter. Among those strains,77.3% of the strains lost pathogenicity to cotton,two strains preserved in 1950＇s were found to be a relatively high pathogenicity to cotton.

关 键 词：真菌 存活期限 棉花黄萎病菌 致病性 矿物油保存 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学] Q939.523.36[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]