三峡库区消落带崩塌滑坡脆弱性评价  

A Vulnerability Assessment of Landslide in Water-Level-Fluctuation Zones of the Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：周永娟[1] 仇江啸[1] 王效科[1] 林刚[2] 吴庆标[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]北京市崇文区卫生监督所,北京100050 [3]广西大学,南宁530004

出　　处：《资源科学》2010年第7期1301-1307,共7页Resources Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划子课题:"削落带脆弱性与生态保护模式";三峡库区削落带生态恢复与综合整治技术开发及应用;重大工程建设区生态恢复整治技术研究(2006BAC10B01-01)

摘　　要：在地理信息系统的支持下,综合考虑崩塌滑坡的自然影响因子,并结合研究区的具体情况,选择了坡度、高程和岩土性质作为评价指标,利用综合指数法对三峡库区消落带崩塌滑坡的脆弱性进行了评价。将获得的综合脆弱性指数等分为五级,分别为很低、较低、中等、较高和极高,每一个级别代表着不同的脆弱性水平。评价结果表明:大部分消落带处于轻度到中等脆弱水平,约占整个三峡库区消落带的82%,其中有29.45%的消落带为轻度脆弱。15%的消落带处于高度脆弱至极脆弱的水平,主要分布在巴东、巫山等较陡的地段以及消落带的下部,淹水时间较长的部分。另外,还有2.26%,约9.39km2的消落带为脆弱不明显地区,主要分布在重庆的长寿以及涪陵等地。比较已有的研究,本文的评价方法合理、结果可靠,可以为国家制定相应的政策及采取相应的措施减轻崩塌滑坡的灾害提供科学的依据。Vulnerability varies widely across communities,sectors and regions.There is however no universally accepted definition on it.The diversity of the ＂real world＂ is an important consideration for vulnerability assessment.It is also essential for users to define vulnerability in their own understanding.The concept of ＂vulnerability＂ was here redefined as an inherent property of a system arising from its internal characteristics.It exists within systems independently on external hazards.The largest dam over the globe,the Three Gorges Dam（TGD） has been constructing in the middle of a biodiversity hot spot in south-central China.The pool increased to 175 m above the sea level last winter（2008 to 2009）.Flooding in the pool behind the Three Gorges Dam extends up to 600 km upstream,almost to Chongqing Municipality.Given this flood level,former cities,homes,and farm fields of about 1.5 million people would be seasonally affected appropriately for 7 months.The water level fluctuates between 145 m and 175 m in a year,so there is a 30~40-kilometer high and 600-kilometer long up-and-down area in the Yangtze River,where the study was performed.Eco-environmental problems of the studied area resulting from the seasonal fluctuations were comprehensively discussed.It forms necessary conditions of landslide which would occur over the area.Based on the redefinition and the environmental reality of the water-level fluctuation belt in the Three Gorges Reservoir,landslide vulnerability was carefully examined,depicted by indicators,i.e.,elevation,slope and lithology.An assessment map of landslide vulnerability was subsequently created by the overlapping functionality in ArcGIS.The distribution characteristics and spatial differences in vulnerability were elaborated.Results were generally grouped into five categories ranging from ＂very high＂ to ＂low＂ vulnerability,showing that ＂very high＂ to ＂high＂ vulnerability accounts for 2.3% and 29.5%,respectively,of the belt,while 14.1% and 1.6% of the belt was found t

关 键 词：脆弱性评价 崩塌滑坡 三峡库区 消落带 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：P642.2[天文地球—工程地质学]