基于3S的毛乌素沙地腹地景观格局演变及其驱动力分析——以内蒙古乌审旗为例  

Analysis of Landscape Pattern Change and Its Driving Factors based on 3S Technology:A case study in Uxin Banner of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：吴晓旭[1,2] 邹学勇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学防沙治沙教育部工程研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2010年第4期763-769,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑课题(2006BAD26B03)资助

摘　　要：在遥感与GIS技术支持下,以乌审旗1986年、1991年、1996年、2000年和2005年5期TM影像为主要数据源,对乌审旗景观空间格局的动态变化特征及其演变的驱动因素进行了研究。结果显示,乌审旗景观格局从1986年到2005年期间发生了显著变化,居民地、工矿用地明显增加,沙地、水域景观逐年下降,耕地、林地面积变化不大,草地、未利用地增加,景观多样性和空间破碎度增加,斑块的自相似性增强;各类景观斑块的平均面积整体上是增加的,景观分形维数随着时间的推移呈现先下降后上升、又下降的趋势。结合经济社会统计数据分析表明,人为因素是影响乌审旗景观格局演变的主要原因,其中人口增加、国民经济增长、工矿产业发展,以及政府决策和生态治理工程是景观格局演变的主要驱动因子。Based on RS, GPS and GIS technology, the landscape pattern change and its driving factors in Uxin Banner of Inner Mongolia are analyzed with TM images in 1986, 1991, 1996, 2000 and 2005 as main data source. The results show that the landscape pattern of the study area changed significantly from 1986 to 2005： the residential land area and industrial-mining land area increased obviously; the sandy land area and water area decreased year by year; the cropland area and woodland area didn＇t change obviously; the grassland area and unused land area increased. At he same time, the landscape diversity and spatial fragmentation increased with the strengthening of patch self-similarity degree; the average patch area of each landscape type increased on the whole; the landscape fractal dimension presented a trend of firstly decreasing, then increasing and lastly decreasing once more. Analysis of driving factors shows that human factors are main causes influencing landscape pattern change in Uxin Banner. Among human factors, population growth, national economic development, industrial and mining development, ecological rehabilitation projects as well as governmental decision-making are key driving factors.

关 键 词：景观演变 驱动力 乌审旗 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]