湖北省两类强对流天气云地闪特征及其环境条件对比研究  

Cloud-to-ground Lightning Characteristics and Environmental Conditions of Two Kinds of Convective Storm in Hubei Province

作　　者：钟敏[1] 吴翠红[1] 张兵[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉中心气象台,武汉430074 [2]中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所,武汉430074

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2010年第2期181-185,共5页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"雷电灾害监测预警关键技术研究及系统开发"(2008BAC36B00);武汉区域气象科技发展基金项目"暴雨定量监测及短时预警报技术研究"共同资助

摘　　要：选取30次短时强降水天气和10次冰雹、雷雨大风天气个例,对云地闪特征及其环境条件进行对比分析。结果表明:以降水为主的强对流天气,负地闪占绝大多数,闪电频数较多,其10分钟云地闪频数过程最大值在50次以上,云地闪与雷达强回波区吻合得较好,且分布比较集中,而以冰雹、雷雨大风为主的强对流天气,正地闪与负地闪频次相当,甚至超过负地闪,闪电频数较少,云地闪并非分布在雷达强回波区,而是零散地分布在冰雹回波下风方向的云砧处。两者在环境条件上也存在差别,以冰雹、雷雨大风为主的强对流天气较之以降水为主的强对流天气,具有较低的整层比湿,较厚的零度以下层结厚度(冷云厚度)以及较大的垂直风切变。The Cloud-to-ground Lightning Characteristics and Environmental Conditions are studied on 30 heavy rain cases and 10 hail or thunderstorm cases, the results show： （1）The convective weather dominating by precipitation whose negative CG lightning flashes account for the majority of the total flashes; quantity and frequency of CG lightning flashes are relatively high and the maximum number of CG lightning flashes within 10 minutes in every case is more than 50; the position of CG lightning flashes are relatively dense and consistent with strong radar echo. However, the convective weather dominating by hail or thunderstorm whose positive CG lightning flashes amount to or even more than negative CG lightning flashes, quantity and frequency of CG lightning flashes are relatively less and the CG lightning flashes distribute sporadically under the hail cloud anvil at the direction of the wind in convective weather. （2） The convective weather dominating by hail or thunderstorm has lower specific humidity in all layers, deeper layer under 0 ℃ and higher wind shear in vertical than the convection weather dominating by precipitation.

关 键 词：强对流 云地闪 环境条件 对比分析 

分 类 号：P427.32[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]