长颈鹿脾脏解剖学与组织学研究  

Anatomical and Histological Characteristics of Spleen of Giraffe

作　　者：关飞[1] 王雯慧[1] 何晚红[1] 祁珊珊[1] 扎西英派[1] 台立峰[1] 杨祎程[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物医学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2010年第7期121-123,共3页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30671549);教育部博士点基金资助项目(200807330004);教育部优秀青年教师教学和科研奖励基金资助项目(031074);甘肃省人事厅学术技术带头人科研资助项目

摘　　要：为了明确不同生存环境中的反刍动物免疫器官的结构特征以及环境对免疫器官的影响,近年来对黄牛、牦牛、双峰驼以及长颈鹿等反刍动物脾脏进行了比较解剖学与组织学研究,观察、探讨了长颈鹿在圈养环境下其脾脏的结构特点以及同其它动物的差异。结果表明:长颈鹿脾脏的形状和其它动物明显不同,呈扁平椭圆盘形,长约26.3 cm,宽约17.6 cm,厚约2.8 cm,断面为深红色,质地较软。组织学观察结果显示:长颈鹿脾脏被膜较厚,由大量结缔组织和平滑肌层构成,但所含弹性纤维、毛细血管并不丰富;脾小梁数量少,小梁中所含平滑肌同其他动物相比较少,有小梁动脉和小梁静脉,但不丰富,所含弹性纤维不发达;脾小结较小,生发中心不明显;动脉周围淋巴鞘较发达,其周围淋巴组织较厚,动脉较粗。由此可知,长颈鹿脾脏结构与其它反刍动物既有相同点也有不同点,这些差异除了与种属有关,与环境也有关。To identify the structural characteristic of immune organs of ruminants in different living environments and the effect of environments to immune organs,nowdays,the anatomy and histology of spleens among cattle,yak,bactrian camel and giraffe were observed comparatively.In this paper,the structural characteristic of spleen of giraffe which was kept in cycle was described,and then the differences with other animals were also observed.The results indicated that the shape of spleen in giraffe was very different from other animals,it was flat ellipse disk in shape,26.3 cm in length,17.6 cm in width,and 2.8 cm in thickness.And the section of spleen was cardinal red,and the texture was fairly soft.The results of histology indicated that the velamen of spleen in giraffe was thicker which was constructed by a lot of connective tissue and smooth muscle layers,but the elastic fibers and capillaries were not abundant at all;otherwise,the number of spleen trabeculas was few,and the smooth muscle layers of spleen trabeculas were less than other animals.There were few trabecular arteries and trabecular veins and also undeveloped elastic fibers in spleen trabeculas;the splenic nodules which had not clear germinal center was smaller;the periarterial lymphatic sheaths were developed and there were thicker lymphoid tissues around them,the arteries were thicker.From of all,there are identical and also different in structural characteristic of spleens between giraffe and other ruminants,and which is related not only with kinds but also environments.

关 键 词：长颈鹿 脾脏 解剖学与组织学 

分 类 号：S865[农业科学—野生动物驯养]