微波辅助一步合成ZnO纳米棒及其气敏性能  

One - step microwave synthesis of ZnO nanorods and its gas sensitivity

作　　者：王焕新[1,2] 孙晓丽[1] 宋彦良[1] 李超[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州轻工业学院材料与化学工程学院,郑州450002 [2]郑州大学材料科学与工程学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《功能材料与器件学报》2010年第3期238-242,共5页Journal of Functional Materials and Devices

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.20871107);河南省教育厅自然科学基金(2008B430028)

摘　　要：以Zn(NO_3)_2为锌源、CTAB为表面活性剂,在微波辐照下90℃反应30min即可一步合成ZnO纳米棒,利用TG-DTA、XRD、SEM对合成材料的相组成及微观结构进行表征,并测试了纯ZnO及Pd修饰ZnO纳米棒的气敏特性。结果表明,微波辅助一步合成的ZnO纳米棒属于纤锌矿型六方晶系,直径为100～800nm、长度约2～3μm;对H_2S气体有较高的响应,但选择性不佳;利用贵金属增敏剂Pd(0.5wt%)来修饰ZnO纳米棒可显著提高其对H_2S气体的响应和选择性,并降低其工作温度,使其有望用于开发低温型高灵敏度的实用H_2S气体传感器。ZnO nanorods were directly prepared by a microwave -assisted solution process with cetyhrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） and Zinc nitrate at 90 ℃ for 30 mins. The results obtained from thermogravimetry -differential thermal analysis （TG -DTA）, X -ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） show that the as -prepared samples are hexagonal wurtzite ZnO with diameters ranging from 100 to 800 nm and length of 2 - 3μ m. The gas sensing properties of pure ZnO and Pd - modified ZnO nanorods were also investigated by mixing a gas in air at static state. The results indicate that ZnO nanorods has a higher sensitivity to 50 μL·L^-1 H2S, and Pd modification can obviously improve their sensitivity and selectivity to H2S at rather low temperature. So ZnO nanorods modified with Pd is a kind of promising H2S gas sensing materials.

关 键 词：ZnO 纳米棒 微波合成 气敏性 H2S 

分 类 号：O614.241[理学—无机化学] TP212.2[理学—化学]