胶州湾水域有机农药HCH的分布和残留量  

HCH Remnant and Distribution in the Jiaozhou Bay Area

作　　者：杨东方[1,2] 郭军辉[1] 丁咨汝 吴绍渊[4] 石强[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学生命学院,上海201306 [2]国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,山东青岛266033 [3]舟山海洋环境监测预报中心,浙江舟山316000 [4]华东师范大学河口海岸研究院,上海200062

出　　处：《海岸工程》2010年第2期62-69,共8页Coastal Engineering

基　　金：国家海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室基金--溢油鉴定技术评估(07EMC08);国家海洋局北海监测中心主任科研基金--长江口和胶州湾及其附近海域的生态变化过程(05EMC16);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目--长江口及其附近海域的营养盐的变化过程(KZCX2-207)

摘　　要：根据1984年7月、8月和10月的胶州湾水域调查资料,对有机农药HCH在胶州湾水域的分布、来源和季节变化进行了分析,研究结果表明,胶州湾水域没有受到HCH污染。通过7月,HCH含量变化的水平分布,发现土壤中残留的HCH通过地表径流方式汇入近岸水域,并且HCH的含量很低,HCH来源是面来源。通过10月,HCH含量变化的水平分布,发现胶州湾水域输入的HCH只有通过外海的海流输送。HCH含量的季节变化展示了：HCH含量在7月比较高,在10月比较低。这揭示了在7月,HCH的表层含量高,通过沉降,在10月,HCH的表层含量变低。7月和10月,胶州湾水域水体中表层以及胶州湾的湾口水域水体中表、底层HCH含量水平分布表明：表层的HCH的含量减少完全依赖胶州湾潮流的稀释。在禁止HCH农药的使用后,海水中HCH含量大幅减少,这表明陆地残留量的衰减引起水域HCH的减少。而且,海水中HCH含量的快速下降,说明陆地HCH残留量的衰减也较快,下降了38.14%~212.17%。Based on data from the investigation in Jiaozhou bay waters in July,Angust,and October 1984,the distribution,pollution source and seasonal variation of HCH in Jiaozhou Bay are analyzed.It is showed in the results that the Jiaozhou bay waters were not polluted by HCH in July,August and October 1984.It is learnt from the horizontal distribution of HCH content in July that the remanent HCH in the soil on land can be carried into the coastal water by land surface runoffs,and the HCH content in the coastal water is very low.Actually HCH comes from the areal source on land.It is shown in the horizontal distribution of HCH content in October that HCH carried from land into the Jiaozhou Bay can be further transported toward the offshore sea by the only carrier i.e.the outward current.The HCH content has its seasonal variation that HCH content is higher in July and lower in October.It is revealed that HCH content in the surface water layer is higher because of less subsidence occuring in July but it becomes lower in October when strong subsidence occurs.It is also learnt from the horizontal distribution of HCH content in the surface layer inside the bay and those in both the surface layer and the bottom layer at the bay mouth area that regional decrease of HCH content in the surface layer completely depends upon the tidal current dilution effect either in July or in October.After HCH using as agricultural chemical has been prohibited,HCH content in the sea area becomes greatly decreased.It is evidenced that the decreased HCH remnant on land results in HCH content lowering in the waters,i.e.quicker decreasing of HCH remnant on the land can be reflected by quicker decreasing of HCH content in the waters.In fact,HCH content has decreased in a range as much as 38.14%~212.17%.

关 键 词：HCH 分布 来源 残留量 胶州湾 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]