铜锈环棱螺控制微囊藻水华的机理研究  

The Mechanism of Controlling Microcystis Bloom by Bellamya aeruginosa

作　　者：屈铭志[1] 屈云芳[1] 任文伟[1] 王宇翔[2] 吴千红[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生命科学学院生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,上海200433 [2]加拿大女王大学生物系

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2010年第3期301-308,F0003,共9页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2006CB403305);科技部国际合作计划资助项目(2009DFA92310);上海市科学技术委员会重大资助项目(08DZ1203105)

摘　　要：通过室内实验研究环棱螺呼吸行为、摄食行为及水体中不同泥沙含量对环棱螺控制微囊藻的效果,揭示铜锈环棱螺(Bellamya aeruginosa)对微囊藻水华的控制机理.研究结果表明:环棱螺呼吸过程中截留水中的微囊藻颗粒,形成黏液包裹的高浓度微囊藻团,该行为短时间减少水中的悬浮微囊藻生物量,使水华状态暂时消失.对微囊藻团的摄食是环棱螺去除水体中微囊藻的主要方式,但未被摄食的微囊藻团及粪便颗粒中大量未死亡的微囊藻能迅速在水体中复苏增殖,再次引起微囊藻生物量的增长和水华的暴发.水体泥沙含量的增加改变了微囊藻团及粪便的结构,使得抑制和杀灭微囊藻的效率提升,水华状态彻底消失.Laboratory experiments were carried out to study the mechanism of controlling Microcystis bloom by a freshwater snail（Bellamya aeruginosa）.Possible factors affecting the control efficiency were tested,including respiration behavior,grazing behavior and different sediment concentration in water.Results showed thatB.aeruginosa can intercept floating Microcystis through respiration,forming Microcystis pellets that mixed high concentration of Microcystis with mucus.Thus,the concentration of suspended Microcystis in the water was decreased in short term,and the bloom was disappeared temporarily.Grazing is the main way for B.aeruginosa to eliminate Microcystis,but Microcystis can easily recovered from the remaining Microcystis pellets and undigested fecal pellet,causing the outbreak of bloom again.The increase of sediment concentration changed the structure of Microcystis pellets and fecal pellet,thus demonstrated greater efficiency in controlling and eliminate Microcystis bloom.

关 键 词：微囊藻水华 铜锈环棱螺 微囊藻团 呼吸 摄食 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]