森林群落呼吸量的研究方法及其应用的探讨  

An Approach to Estimating Respiration of Forest Community and Its Application

作　　者：方精云[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学系,北京100871

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1999年第1期88-94,共7页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：国家"八五"科技攻关课题;国家杰出青年科学基金

摘　　要：依据树木的形态特征和森林的结构特点，论述了森林群落呼吸量的研究方法和原理，利用北京山地３种典型森林群落，即：油松（Ｐｉｎｕｓ　ｔａｂｕｌａｅｆｏｒｍｉｓ　Ｃａｒｒ．）　白桦（Ｂｅｔｕｌａ　ｐｌａｔｙｐｈｙｌｌａ　Ｓｕｋ．）和辽东栎（Ｑｕｅｒｃｕｓ　ｌｉａｏｔｕｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ　Ｋｏｉｄｚ．）的实测结果，说明了它的应用，并讨论了这３种典型群落呼吸量的差异。按以下４个步骤估算森林群落呼吸量：①建立非同化器官的直径级与其总长度的关系；②建立呼吸速率与直径之间的数量关系式；③推导具有生物学意义的林木呼吸速率计算模型；④建立群落呼吸速率的计算公式。应用结果显示，北京山地的３种群落的平均呼吸速率差异不显著，在１２５６１４９１ｍｇＣＯ２（ｔｒｅｅ·ｈ）－１之间，它们的年群落呼吸量分别为１５．５，８．０和４．９ｔ干物质（ｈｍ２ａ）(－１)，与世界大多数温带森林的结果相近。A method for estimating forest community respiration based on the morphological feature of thetrees and structural characteristics of forest was described. The method mainly involved four procedures, viz.establishment of 1) an appropriate relationship between the diameter class and the lengths, i. e. an equation toaccess the diameter distribution function, of woody organs; 2) a quantitative relationship between the respiration rate and the diameter of woody organs; 3) a model with biological significance for estimating the forest resPiration; 4) equations for estimating the forest community respiration. The method has been used to estimatecommunity respiration of be temperate forest types in the mountain of Beijing, Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.,Betula platyphylla Suk., and Quercus liaotungensis Koidz. forest. The mean respiration rates of these three forest types were between 1 256 and 1 491 mg CO2 (tree h) -1, showing no clear difference among them.Their annual community respiration rate was estimated to be 15. 5, 8 .0 and 4.9 tones dry weight (hm2 a) -1,respetively, indicating close values to most temperate foests which have been reported around the world.

关 键 词：北京 群落呼吸 直径分布 呼吸速率 温带林 森林 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]