崇明东滩越冬白头鹤生境适宜性评价  

Habitat Suitability Assessment for Wintering Hooded Cranes in Dongtan,Chongming Island

作　　者：张佰莲[1] 刘群秀[2] 宋国贤 

机构地区：[1]上海农林职业技术学院,上海201600 [2]上海动物园 [3]上海崇明东滩自然保护区管理处

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2010年第7期85-87,共3页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：上海高校选拔培养优秀青年教师科研专项基金资助

摘　　要：2006年11月至2007年2月和2007年10月至2008年2月,通过记录崇明东滩越冬白头鹤(Grusmonacha)的空间分布特征,运用生态位适宜度模型评价了东滩保护区白头鹤生境适宜性,分析了保护和管理野生白头鹤种群的适宜空间区域。研究结果表明,白头鹤主要活动于农田生境和滩涂生境。在农田生境中,白头鹤对居民耕种区及活动区存在明显的选择性(P<0.05);公路、植被指数等因子对白头鹤的分布没有明显的干扰(P>0.05)。在滩涂生境中,白头鹤对潮沟表现出明显的选择性(P<0.05),主要分布于生境斑块密度低和植被指数低的区域(P<0.05);人为活动对白头鹤分布没有显著影响(P>0.05)。在不考虑人为干扰因素的制约下,崇明东滩保护区越冬白头鹤潜在适宜栖息地的面积为172.2km2,最适宜生境面积为4.5km2;在人为活动影响下,白头鹤的实际适宜生境面积为101.7km2,最适宜生境为1.4km2。The spatial distribution of wintering hooded cranes in Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve in Shanghai,China was recorded from November 2006 to February 2007 and from October 2007 to February 2008. The suitable habitat in Dongtan Nature Reserve for the hooded cranes was evaluated based on the habitat suitability model for the protection and management of crane habitats. Results show that the hooded cranes more likely use farmland and tidal field habitat. The hooded cranes move closer to farmland habitat than to the area of human activity （P0.05）. There is no significant influence of roads and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） on the distribution of the hooded cranes （P0.05）. In tidal field habitat,the hooded cranes use tidal creeks more frequently （P0.05）,and move more frequently in areas with lower patch density and lower NDVI （P0.05）. Human activities do not cause a great disturbance to the cranes （P0.05）. Without considering the human disturbances,the area of suitable habitat for the hooded cranes is 172.2 km2,and the most suitable habitat is 4.5 km2.

关 键 词：白头鹤 生境 适宜性 东滩 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]