热应激对小鼠精液品质的影响及其在全球变暖背景下的生态意义  

Response of Sperm Quality to Heat Stress in the Mice and Its Ecological Implications in the Context of Global Warming

作　　者：赵珺[1] 郝林琳[2] 张莹[2] 王佳[2] 马跃[3] 刘松财[2] 

机构地区：[1]长春大学,长春130022 [2]吉林大学 [3]东北林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2010年第8期102-104,共3页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD55B03)

摘　　要：为了研究全球变暖和局部极端高温气候对雄性小型啮齿类动物繁殖能力的影响,建立小鼠热应激模型,设立5个温度组28、31、34、37和40℃,其中28℃组为对照组。在14d内分别在第1天—第3天、第5天、第7在、第10天和第14天检测小鼠的精子活力、精子顶体完整率、精子畸形率。结果显示,温度越高,精液质量下降越快;温度在较温和的范围内变动时,精液质量随温度的升高而呈现下降的趋势,但经过一段时间的适应,有所回升;在极端温度(40℃)胁迫下,小鼠的精液质量持续下降而不能得到恢复。这说明,高温影响下,雄鼠的繁殖能力存在适应性生理调节过程,但影响是相当明显的,至少在短期内不能恢复到原来水平。由此可以推断,自然界中,较长的精液品质下降期和恢复期可能打破了与雌鼠发情周期的同步化(如果高温对雌鼠影响不大),在自然界中可能对雌鼠的受孕率产生明显影响。此外,即使雌鼠能在雄鼠精液品质恢复期之前受孕,精子损伤也会明显降低受孕率,还可能产生活力低下、畸形或存在其他生理缺陷的后代,进而影响成活率。A heat stress model was set up using the mice to study the impact of global warming and local extreme torridity on the reproductivity of small rodents. The mice were divided into 5 groups and exposed to five temperature gradients respectively, including 28 degrees C, 31 degrees C, 34 degrees C, 37 degrees C, and 40 degrees C, of which the 28 degrees C group was the control group. Sperm viability, acrosome integrity and abnormality were examined every 24 hours during the first three days and on the 5th, 7th, 10th and 14th day after treatment. Results demonstrated that sperm quality declined with increasing temperature. Sperm quality declined continuously in the first week and recovered slightly after the 7 th day of treatment when exposing temperature changed within a moderate range （from 31 degrees C to 37 degrees C）. The extreme exposing temperature （40 degrees C） resulted in unrecoverable decline of sperm quality. Results suggested that the male mice experienced a physiological regulation phase after exposed to high temperatures, but the physiological regulation might not improve the sperm quality impacted by high temperature exposure, at least within a short time （seven days）. It is implied that such a long time of sperm decline and recovery might break the synchronization between sperm availability and cstrus cycle of the female mice and in turn reduce conception rate of the female mice if high temperature does not significantly impact on females. Meanwhile, abnormal sperm might not only reduce the conception rate of the female mice, but also produce weak, malformed progeny or progeny with other physiological defects, and further impact on their survivorship in the nature.

关 键 词：全球变暖 小鼠 精液品质 繁殖能力 

分 类 号：Q142.9[生物学—生态学]