钱塘江双向声传播测流实验研究  

Experimental study of reciprocal sound transmission for current measurement in the Qiantang River

作　　者：张传正[1] 朱小华[1,2] 吴清松[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,杭州310012 [2]浙江大学海洋科学与工程学系,杭州310058

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2010年第7期1741-1748,共8页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：浙江省钱江人才计划(2007R10035);国家海洋局第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项(JT0903);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)(2006AA09Z102);国家自然科学基金项目(40706017)联合资助

摘　　要：2009年4月和5月在钱塘江杭州段进行了双向声传播测流实验.两个声信号发送与接收站设置在钱塘江两岸,间距为3050 m.在声传播实验期间,沿着声传播路径还进行了 12次走航ADP(Acoustic Doppler Profiler)流速观测.根据双向声传播的顺逆流传播时间差计算得到沿声传播路径的平均流速,与ADP走航观测结果基本一致,两者的均方差为0.03 m/s.通过ADP走航期间双向声传播时间差的平均值和ADP走航观测所得断面流量之间的线性关系,得到了整个观测期间断面流量的时间序列.实验较好地捕捉到了因钱塘江涌潮而引起的流量变化,流量的最小值为-3406 m^3/s,最大为3509 m^3/s.第一和第二实验阶段钱塘江的净流量分别为1329 m^3/s和979 m^3/s.以上结果表明用双向声传播测流方法可实现对河道流速和流量连续的监测.The reciprocal sound transmission experiments for current measurement were carried out in the Qiantang River in Hangzhou city, during April to May, 2009. Two acoustic stations with a distance of 3050 m for transmitting and receiving sound signals were set up on the both banks of the Qiantang River. During the sound transmission experiments, twelve repeat shipboard Acoustic Doppler Profiler （ADP） surveys were also performed along the sound transmission line to compare with the reciprocal sound transmission data. Range-averaged current velocities obtained along the transmission line based on travel time difference, were in good agreement with those from the ADP, producing a root-mean-square difference of 0.03 m/s . The travel time difference data were well correlated with the river discharge estimated from the ADP data. The time series of river discharge during the experimental period was estimated through the linear relationship between both the parameters. The variations of river discharge caused by tidalbore were perfectly captured. The river discharge changed in the range of --3406 m3/s and 3509 m3/s, and its mean values were 1329 m3/s and 979 m3/s for the first and second experiment, respectively. The above results suggest that the reciprocal sound transmission method is a powerful tool for monitoring continuously the current velocity and river discharge in such tidal rivers.

关 键 词：双向声传播测流 流速和流量 涌潮 实验研究 钱塘江 

分 类 号：TV123[水利工程—水文学及水资源]