私营标准对农产品国际贸易的影响分析  

Analysis on Impact of Private Standard for Agricultural Trade

作　　者：董银果[1] 严京[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学经济学院,上海200444

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2010年第7期87-93,共7页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"我国农产品应对卫生与植物检疫(SPS)措施的策略及遵从成本研究"(编号:70873082);上海市外国专家局项目"SPS措施影响我国农产品贸易的实证研究"(编号:2009B135)的资助

摘　　要：随着农产品国际贸易竞争的逐渐加剧,供应链中零售商力量的增强以及消费者市场特殊需求的不断增长,私营标准逐渐进入国内外市场,正在以其复杂性、广泛性、隐蔽性和强制性影响着国际贸易的诸多领域,成为国际贸易领域的新热点而受到多方的关注。文章在分析私营标准的内涵、特征和产生原因的基础上,深入探讨了私营标准对农产品国际贸易的促进及抑制作用。私营标准比官方标准更为严厉,标准之间缺乏协调,且目前不受WTO条约限制,使其成为新的贸易壁垒,对于发展中国家及中小出口企业影响较大,我国应成立专门的研究机构帮助企业应对出口贸易中的私营标准。With the proliferation and increasing of the agricultural products international trade competition,private standards gradually emerged in the trade supply chain in response to the consumers' require-ments for food safety,environment protection etc. This paper,based on the conception and the evolu-tion analysis of the private standards,analyzed deeply the impacts of private standards on agricultural products international trade with the views from promotion to impediment. Studies indicated that the private standards are more stringent than official standards,has a de facto mandatory and not limited by WTO agreements. It had brought great difficulties for developing countries and small and medium ex-port enterprises. China should set up special research institutions to help companies cope with private standards.

关 键 词：国际贸易 私营标准 市场准入 SPS WTO协议 

分 类 号：F752[经济管理—国际贸易] F203[经济管理—产业经济]