透射电子显微镜及相关技术在多相催化研究中的应用  

Application of Transmission Electron Microscopy and Related Techniques in Investigations of Heterogeneous Catalysis

作　　者：杨卫亚[1] 沈智奇[1] 王丽华[1] 郭长友[1] 季洪海[1] 凌凤香[1] 王丽君[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司抚顺石油化工研究院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《分析测试学报》2010年第7期755-760,共6页Journal of Instrumental Analysis

摘　　要：工业多相催化剂是极其复杂的物理化学体系。长期以来,工业催化剂的制备很大程度上依赖于经验和技艺,而难以从原子分子水平的科学原理方面给出令人信服的形成机制。为开发更高活性、选择性和稳定性的新型工业催化剂,通过各种表征技术对催化剂制备中的过程产物及最终产品进行表征是一个关键性的基础工作。在当前各种现代表征手段中,透射电子显微镜尤其是高分辨透射电子显微镜,可以在材料的纳米、微米区域进行物相的形貌观察、成分测定和结构分析,可以提供与多相催化的本质有关的大量信息,指导新型工业催化剂的开发。该文讨论了运用透射电子显微镜获取催化剂中纳米结构信息的方法,并综述了运用透射电子显微镜表征多相催化剂方面的一些成果。Commercial heterogeneous catalysts usually belong to chemical and physical complex systems that have been developed through the catalytic techniques and experiences accumulated for years.It is quite difficult to convincingly interpret the specific mechanism of catalyst on atomic or molecule level.Characterizations on the intermediate and final products through the catalyst preparations by any techniques are thus critical to developing new catalysts with better activity,selectivity and stability.Transmission electron microscopy,especially high resolution transmission electron microscopy,among many characterization techniques,can provide useful information about topography,composition and structure of catalysts for understanding of heterogeneous catalysis and for guiding new development of industrial catalysts.In this paper,some methods and achievements,by transmission electron microscopy characterization of heterogeneous catalysts are generally reviewed and discussed.

关 键 词：多相催化 透射电镜 高分辨透射电镜 扫描透射电镜 X射线能谱 电子能量损失谱 

分 类 号：O766.1[理学—晶体学] G353.11[文化科学—情报学]