基于风险的石油烃污染土壤环境管理与标准值确立方法  

Risk-based Environmental Management of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Contaminated Soil and Development of Standards:A Review

作　　者：曹云者[1] 李发生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院土壤污染与控制研究室,北京100012

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第7期1225-1231,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家环保公益性行业科研专项(200709033);科技基础性工作专项(2007FY240200);科技部社会公益研究专项(2005DIB3J161)

摘　　要：目前我国对石油烃污染土壤的环境监管十分薄弱,环境管理标准的缺位成为制约这类场地评价与修复问题的瓶颈。为此系统分析了国际上尤其是发达国家在石油烃污染土壤的环境管理方法以及标准制修订实践方面的相关动态,并结合评价指标选取、目标风险水平设定、标准取值和标准细分等方面对各相关国家的标准体系进行了比较研究,以期对我国石油烃污染土壤的环境管理与标准制订有所启发。Petroleum hydrocarbons are a typical kind of soil pollutants,the effects of petroleum contaminated soils on ecological systems and human health are the great concern at present.The current environmental management on these pollutants is rather weak in China.At the same time,the lack of standards is a bottleneck in the assessment and remediation of petroleum contaminated sites.In this review,current sit-uation in environmental management of petroleum contaminated sites and related soil quality standards in developed countries（regions）were analyzed.In general,the derivation methodologies in most countries are basically the same：risk-based approaches are commonly used and the differences led by land-use types have all been taken into account.Risk assessment models are widely used in deriving soil environmen-tal standards.Tiered approach is adopted and both generic standards and site-specific standards can be developed and used in assessment and remediation according to site conditions.Although common in many aspects,differences do exists among standards of different countries（regions）,such as target risk level,assessment indicators selection and quantifying of the standard values.The development of soil environ-mental standards of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in China should follow international trend in methodologies,while specific conditions in China should also be fully taken into account in certain technical issues.The review aims to help improve environmental management of petroleum contaminated sites and shed light on ongoing development of the soil environmental standards in China.

关 键 词：石油烃 污染场地 环境管理 环境风险 土壤标准 

分 类 号：X84[环境科学与工程—环境工程]