慢性精神分裂症男性患者吸烟原因分析及对策  

Causes analysis and strategies of smoking behaviors among male patients with chronic schizophrenia

作　　者：张亚蓉[1] 王珍宝[1] 许冬梅[2] 赵丽俊[2] 谭云龙[3] 杨甫德[3] 王志仁[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院三科六区,北京市100096 [2]北京回龙观医院护理部,北京市100096 [3]北京回龙观医院精神医学研究中心,北京市100096

出　　处：《护理管理杂志》2010年第7期462-463,467,共3页Journal of Nursing Administration

摘　　要：目的分析维持男性精神分裂症患者吸烟行为的原因,为制订护理对策提供依据。方法收集慢性精神分裂症男性吸烟患者188例,采用阳性和阴性症状量表评定患者的临床精神病理症状;尼古丁依赖量表评定患者烟草的依赖程度;吸烟原因问卷评估患者吸烟的原因。结果慢性精神分裂症男性吸烟患者吸烟原因问卷中社会心理维度的享乐分量表得分最高,中位数为6分;其次是药理维度的刺激分量表得分,中位数为4分;尼古丁依赖总分与阴性症状分量表得分呈负相关(r=-0.166,P=0.026),与患者目前服用的抗精神病药物剂量(氯丙嗪当量)呈正相关(r=0.221,P=0.003)。结论对精神分裂症患者吸烟行为的干预不宜采取强制突然中断的方式;结合工娱治疗等正性情绪强化措施,采取缓慢、有步骤的控烟措施更可行。Objective To analyze the causes of smoking behaviors of male patients with chronic schizophrenia,then provide reference for the appropriate care strategies. Methods Totally,188 smoking male patients with chronic schizophrenia were involved and investigated with the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale （PANSS）, the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence （FTND）, and the Russell＇s Smoking Motivation Questionnaire （SMQ）. Results The indulgent subscale on SMQ, belonged to socio - psychological dimension, gained the highest scores （ M = 6 ）, and the next was the stimulant subscale （ M = 4 ）, belonged to pharmacological dimension. The total score of FTND were negatively correlated with the score of negative syndrome subscale of PANSS （ r = - 0. 166, P = 0. 026 ）, and positively correlated with the doses of antipsyehotic（ chiorpromazine equivalent） （ r = 0.221, P = 0. 003 ）. Conclusion It might be not an appropriate way for smoking patients with schizophrenia to be forced to quit suddenly. The slow and step - control measures, combined with entertainment and treatment work to strengthen positive emotions should be more feasible.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 吸烟 男性患者 护理管理 

分 类 号：R494[医药卫生—康复医学] C931.2[医药卫生—临床医学]