黑龙江省水稻空壳率与孕穗期低温的关系  

Relationships between rice empty grain rate and low temperature at booting stage in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：姜丽霞[1] 季生太[1] 李帅[1] 王连敏[2] 韩俊杰[1] 王晾晾[1] 朱海霞[1] 纪仰慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省气象科学研究所,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2010年第7期1725-1730,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40705041);中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF-09-13)资助

摘　　要：对黑龙江省6个主要水稻品种(龙稻3号、垦稻12号、空育131、龙稻7号、龙粳16号和松粳6号)进行孕穗期低温(处理温度分别为15℃、17℃、19℃,低温持续时间分别为2、4、6和8d)处理,采用线性内插和统计回归方法,分析了水稻单穗空壳率与孕穗期低温的关系.结果表明:研究区敏感性水稻品种和耐冷性较强水稻品种的障碍型冷害临界温度分别为17℃和16℃;孕穗期水稻对低温最敏感的时期为抽穗前14～18d.15℃低温处理8d时,松粳6号、垦稻12号的空壳率明显增加,空育131空壳率小幅升高,表明松粳6号和垦稻12号对低温反应较敏感、耐冷性较弱,而空育131对低温反应迟钝,耐冷性较强;垦稻12号、龙粳16号、空育131的冷积温与空壳率存在显著的相关关系(P<0.01),随着冷积温的增加,水稻空壳率明显升高,但品种间的增幅不同.Six major rice varieties （Longdao 3,Kendao 12,Kongyu 131,Longdao 7,Longjing 16,and Songjing 6） in Heilongjiang Province were treated with low temperature 15 ℃,17 ℃,and 19 ℃ for 2,4,6 and 8 days at booting stage,and the relationships between their empty grain rate per panicle and low temperature at booting stage were analyzed by using linear interpolation and linear regression methods.In the province,the critical temperature of sterile-type cool injury was 17 ℃ for sensitive varieties,and 16 ℃ for resistant varieties.The most sensitive period of rice to low temperature was 14-18 days before heading.At 15 ℃ for 8 days,the empty grain rate of Songjing 6 and Kendao 12 increased significantly,while that of Kongyu 131 increased less,suggesting that the cold tolerance of Songjing 6 and Kendao 12 was relatively weak,while Kongyu 131 was insensitive to low temperature.There was a significant correlation between the accumulated cool temperature and the empty grain rate of Kendao 12,Longjing 16,and Kongyu 131 （P0.01）.With the increase of accumulated cool temperature,the rice empty grain rate increased significantly,but the increment varied with rice variety.

关 键 词：水稻 孕穗期 障碍型冷害 空壳率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]