人工种植长春花生物学性状和生物碱含量的季节动态  

The Seasonal Dynamic of the Agronomic Traits and the Content of Alkaloid of the Cultivated Catharanthus roseus

作　　者：王化楠[1] 唐中华[1] 祖元刚[1] 梁胜楠[1] 杨蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《植物研究》2010年第4期508-512,共5页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30770338)

摘　　要：以人工种植的长春花(Catharanthus roseus(L.)G.Don)为材料,研究了一个生长季节内长春花的生物学性状和生物碱含量的季节动态。研究发现,长春花的株高、生物量和叶片数呈现相似的生长趋势,即前期(5～7月)缓慢增长、中期(7～9月)快速增长和后期(9～10月)增长缓慢3个明显的季节生长特征,而花总数在前期和中期也呈现相似的规律,但在后期(9～10月)快速下降。长春花叶片中3种生物碱含量的季节变化规律明显,变化趋势相一致。3种生物碱的含量在一个生长季节内均是先增加后降低再增加的趋势,且3种生物碱含量均在7月下旬和10月下旬出现2个明显的高峰值。长春花叶片中长春碱含量与长春质碱和文多灵含量之间均有较强的正相关,且与文多灵含量呈显著的正相关(p<0.05),长春花叶片中长春质碱含量与文多灵含量之间呈显著的正相关(p<0.05)。因此,生产实践中人工种植长春花的最佳采收期是10月末,并可通过改变环境因子进一步诱导长春花叶片中长春碱类物质的积累。This assay studied the seasonal dynamic of the agronomic traits and the content of alkaloid of the cultivated Catharanthus roseus in a growth season. It showed that the height,biomass and the leaf numbers of C.roseus presented the similar growth tendency,they all had three obviously seasonal growth characteristic,namely the earlier period （May-July） the growth of them was slow,the intermediate stage （July-September） it was fast and the later period （September-October） it was slow. The trend of the total of flower also showed the similar growth characteristic,but in later period （September-October） it was vapidly dropped. The seasonal dynamic of the content of three kinds of alkaloids in the leaves of C.roseus was obvious,and the tendency was consistent,namely increased first,reduced and increased again,moreover,the content of three kinds of alkaloid appeared two obvious crest values in the late July and October. There were strongly positive correlation of the vinblastine content with catharanthine and vindoline content in the leaves of C.roseus（L.）G. Don,moreover,the correlation between the content of vinblastine and vindoline was marked （p〈0.05）,and there was remarkably positive correlation between the content of catharanthine and vindoline （p〈0.05）. Therefore,the best harvest season for artificial planted C.roseus is in the late of October,and we can induce the increase of vinblastine analogues by changing the environment at factors.

关 键 词：长春花 生物碱 人工种植 生物学性状 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]