塔河油田超稠油乳化降黏剂的研制  

Preparation of Emulsifying Viscosity Reducer for Super Heavy Oils of Tahe Oil Field

作　　者：裴海华[1] 张贵才[1] 葛际江[1] 刘晓玲[1] 刘高文[1] 张永刚[1] 付欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学石油工程学院,山东青岛266555

出　　处：《油田化学》2010年第2期137-140,共4页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：国家863项目"与蒸汽吞吐结合的表面活性剂驱油体系研究"(项目编号2007AA06Z201);"稠油油藏混气表面驱油技术"(项目编号2006AA06Z227)

摘　　要：本文针对塔河油田地层水矿化度高、井底温度高的特点,研究了适合塔河油田超稠油的乳化降黏剂。以一定链长的混合叔胺(RN(CH3)2)和二溴乙烷(Br(CH2)2)为原料,合成了一种代号为DFA-12的双季铵盐型表面活性剂,并对其反应的影响因素进行了优化,得出最佳的反应条件如下:反应物RN(CH3)2与Br(CH2)2摩尔比为2.602∶1,反应温度为90℃,反应时间为24小时,产品纯度可达98.53%。稠油和表面活性剂溶液的混合液(油水质量比7∶3)的乳化实验表明,DFA-12较其他表面活性剂具有更强的耐盐能力,在矿化度高达214739.9mg/L下仍具有较好的乳化能力。通过DFA-12和其他的表面活性剂的复配实验,优选出适合塔河油田超稠油乳化降黏的最佳配方为:0.25%DFA-12+0.25%两性离子表面活性剂HES+0.1%聚合物DFP,该体系对塔河油田的超稠油乳化降黏指标达到最佳,在90℃下测定稠油和表面活性剂溶液的混合液(油水质量比7∶3)的黏度,以稠油黏度为基准计算降黏率,可达98%以上。Aimed at high salinity formation water and high bottom temperature in Tahe oilfield,an bis-quaternary ammonium salt surfactant DFA-12 was synthesized as viscosity reducer by the reaction of tertiary amine（RN（CH3）2）and ethylene dibromide（Br（CH2）2）.The optimal synthesis conditions were obtained as follows,the molar ratio of RN（CH3）2 to Br（CH2）2 was 2.602∶1,the reaction temperature was 90℃ and the reaction time was 24 h,and the purity of objective product reached to 98.53%.The results of emulsification experiments of the system obtained by mixing the super heavy crude oil（SHCO） from Tahe oilfield with the emulsifier solutions at mass ratio of 7∶3,showed that DFA-12 had stronger salt tolerance than the other surfactants,which could still emulsify the SHCO in the brine of 214739.9 mg/L.By Compound DFA-12 wi·th other surfactants,and the optimal formulation of the emulsifying viscosity reducer for the SHCO was determined： 0.25%DFA-12＋0.25% HES（amphoteric surfactant） ＋0.1% DFP（polymer）.The viscosity of the SHCO is determined at 90℃ and the viscosity reducing rate is calculated on the basis of the viscosity of the SHCO,being of more than 98%.

关 键 词：超稠油 乳化降黏 双季铵盐表面活性剂 耐盐性 塔河油田 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] TE357.3