土壤紧实度对草莓光合特性及PSⅡ光化学活性的影响  

Effect of soil compaction on photosynthetic characteristics and PSII Photochemistry activities in strawberry leaves

作　　者：杜国栋[1,2] 郭修武[1,2] 吕德国[1,2] 蔡明[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院 [2]北方果树育种与生理生态研究所,沈阳110866

出　　处：《果树学报》2010年第4期542-546,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：(nyhyzx07-028);农业部948项目(2006-G25)

摘　　要：研究以盆栽草莓为材料,利用快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线分析技术结合气体交换技术,研究3种土壤紧实度处理对草莓光合特性及光系统PSⅡ光化学活性的影响。结果表明,土壤疏松处理使叶片叶绿素b含量增加,但叶绿素a/b较对照下降17.9%;PSⅡ的氧化还原状态发生变化,其中荧光参数φPo与对照差异显著,光合性能指数(PIABS)明显得到提高,有利于光合机构的光能吸收、传递;对光强、大气中CO2利用范围加强,有利于光能利用和CO2羧化效率的提高,促进光合产物的积累。紧实度增加的处理,容重增加到1.25g·cm-3,草莓叶片叶绿素b含量下降,叶绿素a含量、叶绿素a+b含量、叶绿素a/b高于对照水平,除RC/CS高于对照外,各荧光参数没有明显变化。说明改善土壤紧实度提高草莓叶片PSⅡ光合机构功能,光能转化效率提高,为暗反应提供能量,光合同化能力得到提高。By means of a chlorophyll fluorescence transient and gas exchange technique, effects of 3 soil compactions on photosynthetic characteristics and photochemistry activities of photosystemⅡin strawberry leaves were studied with potted strawberry as experiment materials. Results showed that chlorophyllb content increased, while chlorophylla/b decreased by 17.9% in soil loosened treatment compared with control; oxidation-reduction state of PSⅡin strawberry leaves also changed; φPo of the treatment was significantly different from that of control,Performance index （PIABS） increased by 12.6%, and light energy absorption and transfer of photosynthetic apparatus were promoted as well; utilizing range of light intensity and CO2 concentration were strengthened; light energy utilization and CO2 carboxylation efficiency were improved, and the accumulation of photosynthetic products was enhanced as well. The soil compaction treatment （bulk density 1.25 g·cm-3）, decreased chlorophyllb content but chlorophylla content, chlorophylla＋b content and chlorophylla/b were higher than that of control. Except for RC/CS,fluorescence parameters did not changed significantly in photosynthetic apparatus. The results demonstrated that the soil loosened treatment could improve the function of PS Ⅱ in strawberry leaf photosynthetic apparatus,increase light conversion efficiency, provide more energy for the dark reaction, and enhance light assimilation capabilities of leaves.

关 键 词：草莓 土壤紧实度 光合特性 叶绿素A荧光参数 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]