豆粕对异育银鲫(方正银鲫♀×兴国红鲤♂)生长性能及肠道形态的影响  

Effects of soybean meal on growth and intestinal morphology of Allogynogenetic silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio♀ ×Cyprinus carpio♂)

作　　者：张伟[1] 王文娟[1] 蔡春芳[1] 夏燕美[1] Ashild Krogdahl 马红[1] 叶元土[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学基础医学与生物科学学院,江苏苏州215123 [2]Aquaculture Protein Centre, Norway

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2010年第4期791-797,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：江苏省社会发展基金资助项目(BS2007140;BS2006021)

摘　　要：以初始体质量约35g的异育银鲫(Allogynogenetic silver crucian carp)(Carassius auratus gibelio♀×Cyprinus carpio♂)为研究对象,以鱼粉为对照饲料,研究了摄食含30%豆粕饲料8周后的生长性能及实验前(0周)、3周和8周后肠道显微结构的变化。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,30%豆粕显著降低鲫鱼的增重率和特定生长率(P<0.05);2)组织切片显示:摄食30%豆粕3周后鲫鱼前、中、后肠较0周时黏膜皱襞受损,边缘糜烂,出现缺刻,皱襞间质变宽且有大量淋巴细胞浸润,黏膜上皮细胞核排列紊乱,肌层明显变薄;3)扫描电镜显示:较0周时前肠和后肠黏膜皱襞间距明显变宽,黏膜皱襞间可见脱落组织,中肠黏膜皱襞间距未见明显变化,但黏膜上皮结构糜烂。8周后肠道受损症状却有所减轻。上述结果表明,异育银鲫对豆粕中致敏因子比较敏感,但随着作用时间延长可产生一定的适应性。本研究旨在为异育银鲫人工饲料配方的优化提供科学依据。Growth performance and intestinal morphology of Allogynogenetic silver crucian carp（ Carassius auratus gibelio♀ × Cyprinus carpio ♂）,initial body weight 35 g,were studied. The fish were fed diets with fish meal（ FM diet） and 30% soybean meal（ SBM diet） respectively during an 8-week feeding trial,while gut was sampled at 0 weekend,3rd weekend and 8th weekend for histology analysis. The results showed that weight gain rate（ WGR） and special growth rate（ SGR） in fish fed SBM diet were significantly lower than fish fed FM（P 0.05）;a serious symptom of non-infectious enteritis of foregut,midgut and hindgut were noticed in fish fed SBM diet after 3 weeks’ feeding. Histological results showed that compared with that of 0 week,mucosal folds were damaged,and the edge of erosion presented notch and a qualitative change in width between the stromas and there was a large number of lymphocyte infiltration,columnar epithelial cells are irregularly arranged,and the thickness of muscle decreased; scanning electron microscopy showed that compared with 0 weeks,intestinal folds spacing was widened in foregut and hindgut,desquamated tissues were observed between the folds,no significant changes were observed in spacing of folds in midgut;and the fish were able to adapt to SBM after 8 weeks. This study was designed to provide thescientific basis for the optimization of feed formula of Allgynogenetic silver crucian carp.

关 键 词：豆粕 异育银鲫 肠道 组织切片 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：S96[农业科学—水产养殖]