饲料中脂肪水平对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼成活率、肌肉成分及消化酶活性的影响  

Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth,muscle composition and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile GIFT strain Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus

作　　者：韩光明[1,2] 王爱民[1,2,3] 徐跑[1,3] 罗前明[1] 孙雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]盐城工学院海洋技术系,江苏盐城224051 [2]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [3]农业部淡水鱼类遗传育种和养殖生物学重点开放实验室,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2010年第4期469-474,共6页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：农业部水生动物遗传育种和养殖生物学重点开放实验室重点开放课题(BZ2007-06);江苏省2008年度省高校自然科学基础研究项目(08KJD240003)

摘　　要：研究了吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的成活率、肌肉成分及消化酶活性与饲料中不同脂肪水平的关系。设置饲料中鱼油添加量为0%、2%、4%、6%、8%和15%共6个梯度组,其脂肪水平分别为1.73%、3.71%、5.69%、7.67%、9.64%和16.55%共3个重复,饲养90d。吉富罗非鱼饲养中成活率的范围在84.76%～99.05%之间,但是投喂16.55%饲料的吉富罗非鱼成活率显著低于3.71%脂肪组(P<0.05)。吉富罗非鱼摄食量变化范围为(0.94±0.04)～(1.34±0.02)g/d,当饲料中脂肪水平大于7.67%时其摄食量显著下降(P<0.05)。7.67%组的试验末鱼平均体重和体长显著大于1.73%及16.55%组(P<0.05)。随着饲料脂肪水平提高,吉富罗非鱼的肌肉脂肪含量上升,变化范围为2.29%～4.27%,水分、粗蛋白、粗灰分及磷含量均呈下降趋势;吉富罗非鱼胃和肠道中蛋白酶活性没有显著变化(P>0.05),前肠和中肠的脂肪酶活性显著下降(P<0.05),前肠中的淀粉酶活性显著下降(P<0.05)。试验证明,高脂肪水平的饲料导致吉富罗非鱼成活率下降,摄食量减少;饲料脂肪水平提高,吉富罗非鱼肌肉脂肪含量随之增加,胃和肠道中的蛋白酶活性变化较小,但是肠道中脂肪酶的活性受到了抑制。The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary lipid levels on the survival,muscle composition and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile GIFT strain Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus. Triplicate groups of fish were fed for 90 days with the experimental diets formulated with increasing lipid levels （1.73%,3.71%,5.69%,7.67%,9.64% and 16.55% lipid） using fish oil （0%,2%,4%,6%,8% and 15% fish oil respectively ） as the lipid source. Survival rate throughout the growth trial ranged from 84.76 to 99.05%,but the survival rate of fish fed the 16.55% lipid was signifcantly less than the 3.71% lipid diets （P0.05） . Daily feed intake （I_DF） was variable （0.94±0.04） to （1.34±0.02） g/d and signifcantly declined by dietary treatments when the lipid level higher than 7.67% （P0.05） . Final mean body weight,and final mean body length were signifcantly greater for diets 7.67 L compared to the 1.73% and 16.55% treatments （P0.05）. Lipid content of muscle increased with increasing dietary lipid levels by the range of 2.29% to 4.27%,protein,ash and phosphorus contents had a rising trend. The protease activities of stomach and intestine had not signifcantly changed between treatments （P0.05） ,but the lipase activities of foregut and midgut and amylase activities of foregut were significantly declined with increasing dietary lipid levels （P0.05） . The results showed that high lipid level diets could cause the fish survival rate and daily feed intake to go down. With increasing dietary lipid levels for the tilapia,lipid content of muscle rose,protease activities of stomach and intestine changed a little,but lipase activity of intestine was restrained.

关 键 词：吉富罗非鱼 脂肪水平 成活率 肌肉成分 消化酶活性 

分 类 号：S963.1[农业科学—水产养殖]