盐度驯化对海水生物过滤器功能的影响  

Effect of salinity change on microbial communities structure and activity of nitrifying biofilm

作　　者：罗国芝[1] 谭洪新[1] 齐巨龙[1] 黄霞峰[1] 孙大川[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2010年第4期540-546,共7页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD03B06);上海市重点学科建设项目(Y1101)

摘　　要：采用盐度变化法将已建立完全硝化功能的淡水生物过滤器驯化为具完全硝化功能的海水生物过滤器。在水温25℃的培养条件下,用盐度25的海水直接培养生物过滤器,建立完整硝化功能需70d;先用淡水培养生物过滤器,待硝化作用完全建立后,用盐度25的海水驯化,则建立完整硝化功能的海水生物过滤器需要61d;将已经建立完整功能的淡水生物过滤器,先用盐度10的海水驯化,待建立完整硝化功能后,再用盐度25的海水驯化,则建立完整硝化功能的海水生物过滤器共需要56d。运用PCR-DGGE技术分析盐度冲击前后生物膜细菌群落结构的变化,运用荧光素-荧光素酶法检测盐度冲击前后生物膜微生物ATP含量变化。结果表明,经盐度冲击后,生物膜的细菌群落结构发生了明显变化,优势菌群由β-变形菌纲细菌和δ-变形菌纲(Delta proteobacteria)细菌转变成γ-变形菌纲和α-变形菌纲细菌;盐度冲击24h后,生物膜微生物ATP总量分别下降了17.4%(盐度15)和47.7%(盐度25)。Freshwater nitrification biofilter was domesticated to seawater nitrification biofilter by salinity gradient change method. Microbial community structure response to salinity domestication process was determined by denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis （DGGE） profiles of 16S rDNA V3 region. ATP contents were determined with luciferin-Luciferase mixtures method under different salinity impact. Results showed that microbial community of the biofilm changed significantly before and after the salt change： the dominant species of fresh-water biofilm were Beta proteobacteria,and Delta proteobacteria; after the salt flush,the dominant species of the biofilter came into Stenotrophomonas of Gamma proteobacteria,Alpha proteobacteria,and Paenibacillus,etc. The biofilms’ ATP contents decreased by 17.4% （salinity 15） and 47.7% （salinity 25） after different salinity flush separately. In 25 ℃ biofilm cultivation condition,it takes 70 days to cultivate nitrifying biofilm in salinity 25 seawater; it takes 61 days that freshwater nitrifying biofilm domesticated directly for salinity 25 seawater nitrifying biofilm; it takes 56 days that freshwater nitrifying biofilm domesticated for salinity 10 seawater nitrifying biofilm firstly,then started for salinity 25 seawater nitrifying biofilm.

关 键 词：生物过滤器 生物膜 细菌群落结构 生物膜活性 盐度驯化 

分 类 号：S969.38[农业科学—水产养殖]