双峰驼腭扁桃体的结构特征  

Structural characteristics of palatine tonsils in bactrian camels(Camelus bactrianus)

作　　者：何晚红[1] 王雯慧[1] 关飞[1] 台立峰[1] 高强[1] 祁珊珊[1] 许小红[1] 扎西英派[1] 杨袆程 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物医学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国兽医科学》2010年第7期743-746,共4页Chinese Veterinary Science

基　　金：甘肃省高等学校研究生导师科研项目(0602-09);国家自然科学基金项目(30671549)

摘　　要：为了明确在多风沙环境下生存的双峰驼的腭扁桃体的结构特征,对阿拉善双峰驼腭扁桃体进行了解剖学及组织学观察。结果表明,双峰驼腭扁桃体由数量较多的直接突出于黏膜的灰白色独立结节构成,且每个结节上都具有隐窝结构,无扁桃体窦。显微结构观察显示,腭扁桃体黏膜内侧表面覆有厚薄不一、颗粒层较厚的复层扁平上皮,上皮向固有层内陷形成具有多级分支的隐窝结构,在初级隐窝上皮中常有滤泡相关上皮分布,而次级隐窝上皮呈海绵状,其内有较多的浆细胞和淋巴细胞分布;隐窝周围的固有层内含有致密的结缔组织和丰富的淋巴组织;以胶原纤维为主的结缔组织深入淋巴组织中,将其分成大小不等、形态多样的小叶;淋巴小结十分典型,生发中心发达,几乎占据了整个淋巴小结,其周围有网状纤维环绕。证实,双峰驼的腭扁桃体十分发达,形态独特,尤其在解剖学方面,与牦牛、黄牛和羊有较大差异。To elucidate the structural characteristics of palatine tonsils of bactrian camel living in sandy environment,the anatomy and histology of palatine tonsils of Alashan bactrian camels were studied.The paired of palatine tonsils without tonsillar sinus were consisted of gray independent nodules which predominated over the mucosa with crypts.Microscopical observation showed that,there were different thickness and thicker granular layer at the stratified squamous epithelium which was inside mucosal appearance of palatine tonsils,and the epithelium inserted into the lamina propria which formed the multistage crypts with branches.On the primary epithelium of crypt there were follicular associated epithelium located,but the secondary epithelium of crypt was sponginess with many plasma cells and lymphocytes.Around the crypt,there were compact connective tissue and abundant lymphoid tissue in lamina propria.The lymphoid tissue was fallen into lobules in inequality of size and various shapes by connective tissues such as collagen fiber.The lymphatic nodules surrounded by reticular fibers was very typical,the germinal center of which was developed and nearly occupied the whole lymphatic nodule.The findings suggested that the palatine tonsils in bactrian camel were well-developed and had unique structures.The results indicated that there were comparatively large differences in the palatine tonsils between bactrian camel and yak,cattle and sheep,especially in anatomy.

关 键 词：双峰驼 腭扁桃体 结构特征 

分 类 号：S852.162[农业科学—基础兽医学]